河北省农田土壤重金属污染评价  

Assessment of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil of Hebei Province

作　　者：安玉琴[1] 袁树华[1] 张瑞琦[1] 杨娜敬[1] 刘毅刚[1] AN Yu -qin YUAN Shu -hua ZHANG Rui -qi YANG Na- jing LIU Yi -gang(Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050021, China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2016年第10期1092-1094,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省医学研究重点课题计划指令性课题(20150104)

摘　　要：目的调查河北省农田土壤重金属含量,评价重金属污染状况。方法采用标准方法对河北省2 700份农田土壤样本中铅、镉、铬含量进行测定;以《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995)为依据,采用单项污染指数法、尼梅罗综合污染指数法对重金属污染状况进行评价。结果 2 700份土壤样品中铬、铅、镉含量平均值分别为:39.63mg/kg、18.52 mg/kg、0.40 mg/kg,13.74%样品镉含量超出国家二级标准,铅、铬含量均未超标,变异系数由大到小的顺序为:镉(264.31%)、铅(70.40%)、铬(59.46%);重金属单项污染指数由大到小的顺序为:镉(1.11)、铬(0.18)、铅(0.06),铅、铬污染指数均小于1,属洁净范围,镉污染指数大于1,达到污染等级,15.00%样品被镉污染;全省农田土壤尼梅罗综合污染指数为25.25,属重度污染,L市、G市、I市属于清洁水平,其余市受到不同程度污染。结论河北省农田土壤总体以镉污染为主,受到重度重金属污染。Objective To understand the heavy metals contents of farmland soil in Hebei Province, and to assess their pollution status. Method According to the national standard methods, the contents of lead , cadmim and chromium in 2 700 farmland soil samples in Hebei Province were determinded. According to Environment Quality Standards for Soil（ GB 15618 - 1995 ） , the heavy metals was evaluated by the single - facter and Nemerow integrated pollution index. Results The average contents of heavy metals were chromium（39. 63 mg/kg） , lead（ 18.52 mg/kg） and cadmium（0. 40 mg/kg） respectively in 2 700 samples of farm- land soil, so the contents of cadmium in 13.74% of soil samples exceeded the national secondary standard, while which of chro- mium and lead in all samples didn, t exceed the national soil secondary standard. The variation coefficient of heavy metals from high to low were cadmium （264. 31% ）, lead（ 70.40% ）and chromium （59. 46% ）respectively. The single -facter pollution index of heavy metals from high to low were cadmium （1.11 ）, chromium （0. 18 ） and lead （0. 06 ）. The pollution index of chromium and lead were below 1, which indicated that their pollution degrees were within the range of safety grade ; while the pollution index of cadmium was above 1, which indicated that its pollution degree was in the pollution level. The result was caused by that 15.00% of samples were polluted by cadmium. Nemero integrated pollution index of farmland soil in Hebei Province was 25.25, which was at severe polluted level. L, G and I cities were at clean level, other cities were polluted in different degree. Conclusion In Hebei Province, cadmium was the main contaminant in farmland soil and the general performance was at severe polluted level.

关 键 词：农田土壤 重金属 含量 污染评价 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]