产氨菌化学诱变及浸出低品位铜矿试验研究  

Experimental study on chemical mutation of ammonia-producing bacteria and bioleaching of low grade copper ore

作　　者：胡凯建[1] 吴爱祥[1] 王洪江[1] 王少勇[1] HU Kaijian WU Aixiang WANG Hongjiang WANG Shaoyong(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期3289-3294,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB08B02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304011;51374035)~~

摘　　要：以碱性产氨菌Providencia Jat-1.为原始菌种,使用盐酸羟胺对其进行化学诱变,考察诱变前后细菌活性、形貌以及浸铜能力的变化。研究结果表明:盐酸羟胺的诱变作用提高细菌的活性以及浸铜能力。1.5%(质量分数)的盐酸羟胺为最佳诱变剂含量,在此条件下细菌的致死率为81.00%、正突变率为16.67%。与诱变前细菌相比,诱变后细菌生长到达稳定期时间缩短10 h,稳定期细菌浓度提高30.00%,产氨量提高17.60%,诱变后细菌尺寸与形状未发生变化,但其表面分泌物增多。使用诱变菌种浸出铜矿石,168 h后铜浸出率达58.52%,比诱变前细菌浸出率提高10.21%。浸出后矿石表面细颗粒矿物消失,矿石表面未形成结晶或沉淀,表面孔裂隙明显增多。The effects of chemical mutation by hydroxylamine hydrochloride on the activity and morphology of bacteria and its ability of copper bioleaching were investigated with the alkaline ammonia-producing bacteria Providencia Jat-1. as an original strain. The results show that the activity of the bacteria and its ability of bioleaching are improved after chemical mutation by hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The best mass fraction of hydroxylamine hydrochloride for mutation is 1.5%. After being treated at this condition, the lethality rate of bacteria is 81.00% and the positive mutation rate is 16.70%. Compared to the original bacteria, the bacteria after mutation reaches stationary phase 10 h ahead of the original bacteria, the concentration of bacteria at stationary phase is improved by 30.00% and ability of producing ammonia is improved by 17.60%, the diameter, length and shape of bacteria do not change but the extracellular secretion increases. The bioleaching of copper ore using bacteria after mutation is carried out and the copper recovery is 58.52% after 168 h bioleaching, which is improved by 10.21% compared to the original bacteria. When bioleaching the fine particles is absent and no crystals precipitation is formed on the surface, the pores and fractures are increased obviously.

关 键 词：低品位铜矿 生物浸出 化学诱变 细菌 氨 

分 类 号：TD982[矿业工程—选矿]