相变蓄能抗冻太阳能平板集热器的设计与研究  

The design and research of anti-freezing solar flat plate collector with phase change energy storage layer

作　　者：赵静[1] 王智平[1,2] 王克振[1,2] 陆鑫[1] 张楠[1] 寇宗丽 ZHAO Jing WANG Zhiping WANG Kezhen LU Xin ZHANG Nan KOU Zongli(School of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期3575-3581,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAJ03B08);甘肃省科技重大专项(1102GKDA049)~~

摘　　要：提出一种具有抗冻功能的相变蓄能太阳能平板集热器。该集热器在吸热板与保温层之间增加了一层相变潜热大、相变温度为277.15~281.15 K的相变蓄能材料。根据该集热器的传热机理,给出计算相变蓄能层设计厚度的公式。采用ANSYS Fluent软件建立该集热器的三维非稳态模型,模拟不同工况下集热器的出口温度及其内部水的最低温度。研究结果表明:在冬季环境温度最低日,相变蓄能抗冻集热器内水的最低温度高于275.15 K,能很好地起到抗冻作用;相变蓄能抗冻集热器与相同结构的普通集热器相比,冬季阴天和晴天代表日的净得热量分别高1.3 MJ/m^2和0.7 MJ/m^2。A new anti-freezing solar flat plate collector was designed, which added the energy storage layer of phase change between heat absorbing plate and thermal insulation layer. Phase change material had large latent heat, and phase transition temperature was 277.15-281.15 K. The formula to compute the designing thickness was derived based on its heat transfer mechanism. Three-dimensional unsteady numerical model of this collector was built by ANSYS Fluent. Using this model, outlet temperature and the lowest temperature of water in this collector were simulated under different working conditions. The results show that this new collector can effectively prevent the water in collector from freezing. The lowest temperature of water in this collector is higher than 275.15 K on the day of the lowest ambient temperature in winter. Compared with normal solar flat plate collector with the same construct parameters, the net heat gain of this new collector is 1.3 MJ/m2 higher on the typical cloudy day, and 0.7 MJ/m2 higher on the typical sunny day in winter.

关 键 词：相变蓄能层 抗冻 数值模拟 太阳能平板集热器 

分 类 号：TK513[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TK519