精神病专科医院病区管理模式对医院感染的影响  

Effect of nosocomial infections on ward management in a psychiatric hospital

作　　者：孙秀娟[1] 李遵清[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省济宁市精神病防治院,山东济宁272051

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2016年第10期940-942,共3页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的探讨精神科封闭式管理模式与开放性管理模式医院感染的因素及特点,寻找有效的预防措施。方法采用回顾性调查研究方法对济宁市精神病防治院2014年1-12月出院的精神病患者9080例进行调查分析。结果封闭式病区出院病人5 964例,感染137例,感染率为2.30%;开放式病区出院病人3 116例,感染22例,感染率为0.71%,差异有统计学意义（χ-2=30.116,P〈0.05）。封闭式病区感染的137例患者中,呼吸道感染114例,占感染人数的83.21%,其次为皮肤软组织感染,共18例,胃肠道感染5例。开放式病区感染的22例患者中,胃肠道感染15例,占感染人数的68.18%,呼吸道感染5例,皮肤软组织感染2例。封闭式病区和开放式病区在呼吸道感染、胃肠道感染以及皮肤软组织感染差异均有统计学意义（χ-2=48.517、14.718、5.258,P均〈0.05）。封闭病区住院时间1-30d、31-90d、91-180d、180d以上患者感染率分别为1.25%、1.31%、4.36%、11.53%,开放病区住院1-30d、31-90d、91-180d、180d以上患者感染率分别为0.54%、0.78%、0.85%、2.40%,差异具有统计学意义（χ-2值分别为5.301、7.752、9.575、9.239,P均〈0.05）。结论精神科封闭式病区与开放式病区患者医院感染的发生率、发生部位不同,应在两个不同管理模式的病区分别采取相应的医院感染防范措施,以降低医院感染的发生率。Objectives To explore the factors and features of nosocomial infections in locked and open wards of Psychiatry in order to ascertain effective preventive measures. Methods Nine thousand and eighty patients with schizophrenia who left a mental hospital in the city of Jining from January to December 2014 were retrospectively examined. Results One hundred and thirtyseven of 5 964 patients in a locked ward developed an infection,for a rate of infection of 2.30%.Twenty-two of 3 116 patients in an open ward developed an infection,for a rate of infection of 0.73%.The rate of infection in the two types of wards differed significantly（P〈0.05）.Of the 137 patients in the locked ward who were infected,114 had a respiratory tract infection（83.21%）,18 had a skin/soft tissue infection,and 5had a gastrointestinal tract infection.Of the 22 patients in the open ward who were infected,5had a respiratory tract infection,2had a skin/soft tissue infection,and 15 had a gastrointestinal tract infection（68.18%）.The incidence of respiratory tract infections,skin/soft tissue infections,and gastrointestinal tract infections differed significantly in locked wards and open wards（P〈0.05）.The rate of infection among patients hospitalized in a locked ward for 1-30 dwas 1.25%,the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for 31-90 dwas 1.31%,the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for 91-180 dwas 4.36%,and the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for over 180 dwas 11.53%.The rate of infection among patients hospitalized in an open ward for 1-30 dwas 0.54%,the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for 31-90 dwas 0.78%,the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for 91-180 dwas 0.85%,and the rate of infection among patients hospitalized for over 180 dwas 2.40%.The rate of infection differed significantly for patients hospitalized in the two types of wards for a given period（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections and the site of infection differed in locked and open w

关 键 词：病区管理模式 精神科 医院感染 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]