云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州静脉注射吸毒者HIV新发感染情况的队列研究  被引量:10

A cohort study of HIV incidence among injecting drug users in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province

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作  者:杨跃诚 靳子义[2] 唐仁海 李林 叶润华 曹艳芬 杨世江 姚仕堂 段松 何纳[2] 

机构地区:[1]云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心艾滋病性病防制科,芒市678400 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室

出  处:《中华预防医学杂志》2016年第11期966-970,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基  金:国家科技重大专项(2013zx10004-906);国家重点地区艾滋病防治项目;国家自然科学基金(81373062)

摘  要:目的分析云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州(德宏州)静脉注射毒品者HIV新发感染情况。方法采集2010年以来德宏州所有戒毒所内戒毒人员的指纹,纳入首次HIV检测为阴性、中国籍的静脉注射吸毒者共1413名;同时,对2004-2009年历史监测人群进行指纹补录采集,将指纹与历史监测数据进行匹配后,纳入首次HIV检测为阴性、中国籍、采集过指纹的静脉注射吸毒者作为队列的基线数据,共1830名。截至2015年12月31日,纳入队列的研究对象共3243名,其中随访对象为2546名(78.5%),失访对象697名(21.5%)。采用问卷调查的形式对研究对象进行调查,问卷内容包含艾滋病相关知识、吸毒行为、性行为和既往HIV检测史等。并抽取每名研究对象3—5ml静脉血进行HIV检测。基于Poisson分布方法,计算历年HIV新发感染率及95%凹。结果2546名随访对象的观察总人时为13907.1人年,新发HIV感染者226例,HIV新发感染率为1.6/100人年(95%CI:1.4/100人年.1.9/100人年)。2004-2009年平均HIV新发感染率均为2.6/100人年(95%CI:2.2/100人年~3.1/100人年),2010-2015年历年HIV新发感染率分别为1.6/100人年(95%CI:1.0/100人年~2.3/100人年)、1.7/100人年(95%CI:1.1/100人年,2.4/100人年)、1.2/100人年(95%CI:0.8/100人年-1.9/100人年)、0.6/100人年(95%CI:0.3/100人年.1.1/100人年)、0.2/100人年(95%CI:0.0/100人年-0.7/100人年)、0.5/100人年(95%CI:0.1/100人年,1.4/100人年)。结论云南省德宏州静脉注射吸毒者HIV新发感染率仍处于较高水平,但呈现逐年下降趋势。Objective To investigate the incidence rates of HIV among injection drug users (IDU) in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Methods We recruited 1 413 HIV-negative IDU attending drug rehabilitation centers and identified a further 1 830 potential participants from a historical database from 2004-2009 using the same criteria. Fingerprint recognition technology was used to confirm the identity of all participants. A total of 3 243 HIV-negative IDU were recruited by the end of 2015, of which 2 546 (78.5%) had been followed up at least once since the initial data collection and 697 (21.5%) were lost to follow-up.Epidemiological data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews which included items on knowledge of AIDS, drug use, sexual activity and history of HIV testing. We collected 3-5 ml of venous blood from each subject for HIV testing. The Chi-squared test was used to compare the characteristics of those IDUs successfully followed up and those lost to follow-up. Results We identified 226 new HIV cases among the 2 546 respondents--representing 13 907.1 person-years of follow-up and implying an average HIV incidence rate of 1.6 per 100 person-years over the entire study period (95%CI: 1.4-1.9). The incidence rate (per 100 person-years) was 2.6 (95%CI: 2.2-3.1) for the period 2004-2009 and 1.6 (95%CI: 1.0-2.3), 1.7 (95%CI: 1.1-2.4), 1.2 (95%CI: 0.8-1.9), 0.6 (95%CI: 0.3-1.1), 0.2 (95%CI:0.0-0.7), 0.5 (95%CI: 0.1-1.4) for each year from 2010 to 2015 respectively. Conclusion Although the incidence rate of HIV remains high among IDUs in Dehong, there was a declining trend over the period studied.

关 键 词:吸毒人群 HIV 指纹识别 静脉注射吸毒人群 队列研究 

分 类 号:R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R749.64[医药卫生—临床医学]

 

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