纳米银颗粒对游仆虫细胞结构的影响  

The Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on the Cell Structure of Euplotes sp.(Ciliophora,Hypotrichida)

作　　者：任余廷 倪兵[1] 范鑫鹏[1] 顾福康[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期57-64,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31572223)资助~~

摘　　要：本文利用微分干涉显微术、扫描及透射电镜术研究了不同浓度的50nm粒径三角平板状纳米银颗粒对游仆虫(Euplotes sp.)细胞结构的影响。结果表明游仆虫细胞对于此类型纳米银的毒性较敏感。纳米银对细胞结构的影响主要体现在:(1)线粒体肿胀变形,内膜嵴状结构缺失;(2)细胞大核核仁聚集减少,染色质凝聚;(3)纤毛器发生顺序性脱落。除此之外,观察到纳米银颗粒存在于细胞表膜、细胞质、线粒体膜及其内部。初步推测,纳米银颗粒除可经过胞口之外,亦可直接通过细胞膜侵入细胞,主要通过损伤线粒体及细胞核,进而致使其他胞器结构紊乱,细胞形态及功能失常。Silver nanoparticles（SNPs）are being used increasingly in health care,electronic products,cosmetics,and various household products.However,it is more likely that these SNPs are released from consumers and household products into the environment,which will be a threat to aquatic organisms or animals exposed to them.Meanwhile,the ciliated protists are sensitive to environmental changes,and therefore are often used as bio-indicators.The influence of the Euplotes sp.structure in response to different concentration of 50 nm sized triangle plate shaped SNPs was visualized by differential interference contrast microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that Euplotes sp.is more sensitive to the toxicity of SNPs.The median lethal concentrations（LC50values）was obtained by means of probit method,and the LC50,4hof silver nanoparticles medium on Euplotes sp.were 0.94 mg/L.And the toxic effects of SNPs on cell structure reflected mainly in the following aspects：（1）in different treatment groups,the morphology of Euplotes sp.cells changed obviously,such as,the length and width decreasing significantly,cilia motion slowing down,body shape changing from normal oval to spindle or even flat-spherical,and cytoplasmic vacuolation present;（2）most of the ciliary shafts of membranelles in the collar region and lapel region and frontalventral-transverse cirri ruptured sequentially,and kinetosomes of certain frontal-ventral-transverse cirri were also desquamated;（3）under the oral cortex,the lack of mitochondrial crista gradually aggravated from inside to outside,and under the pellicle,mitochondria swelled dramatically;（4）a large number of multilayer membrane structure gathered under the cortex of adoral,and pharyngeal disks dispersedly distributed in the cytoplasm;（5）with the nucleolus and chromatin gathering,the macronucleus membrane gradually became blurred,and holes appeared on the part of the chromatin mass;and（6）a large number of autophagic lysosomes a

关 键 词：纳米银 游仆虫 线粒体 细胞核 自噬溶酶体 

分 类 号：Q952[生物学—动物学] Q954