中国天然气利用的战略方向选择及政策建议  

Strategic direction and policy suggestions on promoting utilization of natural gas in China

作　　者：沈鑫[1] 涂远东 王军[1] 陈进殿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司规划总院 [2]中国石油西部管道公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2016年第10期69-78,共10页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：世界能源发展已跨过煤炭进入了"油气时代"。世界典型国家的发展经验表明,未来天然气将在世界能源消费结构中扮演重要角色,发电和工业用能是天然气消费增长的主要方向。与世界典型国家相比,中国能源消费总量大,结构不合理,天然气利用水平较低,大气环境亟需改善。鉴于此,中国应大幅减少煤炭利用,大力提高可再生能源和天然气的利用水平。随着国产气多元化、进口气多渠道格局的形成,未来中国的天然气利用具备了快速发展的资源基础。在能源消费总量和大气环境改善的约束条件下,预计到2030年全国天然气需求潜力为5800亿立方米,主要集中在天然气发电和以气代煤领域。为实现此目标,需要国家出台相关政策提高天然气战略地位,明确天然气发展定位,落实《大气污染防治行动计划》,减少天然气供应中间环节,加快重型燃机等装备国产化,促进天然气市场健康可持续发展。The development of world＇s energy has crossed the coal and got into ＂the era of oil and gas＂. Development experience from typical countries in the world shows that natural gas will play an important role in the world＇s energy consumption structure and utilization in electric power generating and industry will be the main directions of natural gas consumption growth. Compared with other typical countries, the energy consumption of China is characterized by large amounts with irrational energy structure, low utilization scale of natural gas and serious air pollution. Therefore, China should significantly reduce the utilization of coal, and vigorously improve the utilizing scale of renewable energy and natural gas. With the diversifying domestic product and multi import channels formed, future China＇s natural gas have good resource base to rapidly develop. Under the premise of controlling the total energy consumption and improving the atmospheric environment, the potential demand of natural gas is expected to reach 580 billion cubic meters by 2030, mainly focusing on field of power generating and coal replacing with gas. To achieve this goal, the government should introduce relevant policies to improve the strategic position of natural gas, clarify the development orientation of natural gas, implement ＂Action Plan on Air Pollution Prevention and Control＂, reduce middle stages in natural gas supply, accelerate the localization of the heavy gas turbine compressor and other equipment, and facilitate the healthy and sustainable development of natural gas market.

关 键 词：天然气 战略地位 环境改善 发电 煤改气 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]