堰塞坝漫顶溃坝离心模型试验研究  

Centrifugal model tests overtopping failure of barrier dams

作　　者：赵天龙[1,2,3] 陈生水[2,4] 王俊杰[1,3] 钟启明[2,4] 付长静[1,2,3] ZHAO Tian-long CHEN Sheng-shui WANG Jun-jie ZHONG Qi-ming FU Chang-jing(Chongqing jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China Key Laboratory of Earth-Rock Dam Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074 [2]南京水利科学研究院岩土工程研究所,江苏南京210029 [3]重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,重庆400074 [4]水利部土石坝破坏机理与防控技术重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2016年第11期1965-1972,共8页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：重庆交通大学生国家内河航道整河工程技术研究中心暨水利水运工程教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(SLK2015B09,SLK2016B07);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAK09B01);国家自然科学基金项目(51539006,51379129,51209140)

摘　　要：基于唐家山堰塞坝坝料级配曲线,建立相应的物理模型,开展堰塞坝漫顶溃坝离心模型试验,并推导离心场下矩形薄壁堰堰流计算方法。详细分析了堰塞坝漫顶溃坝过程及溃决机理,同时根据试验得出的堰塞坝溃口流量及溃口顶宽发展过程曲线,对溃决机理研究结果做出进一步验证。结果表明:堰塞坝漫顶溃坝过程中,溃口横向扩展贯穿始终,由于大粒径颗粒在下游坝坡的残留,溃口下切发展停止时间较早,溃坝后期下游坝坡存在明显的粗化现象,且堰塞坝溃坝后较少出现全溃的情况,一般都存在一定的残留坝高,其最终溃口尺寸也应小于相同条件下的均质土坝。Centrifugal model tests on dam break due to overtopping are carried out based on the gradation curves of Tangjiashan barrier dam by establishing the correspording physical models, and a method for calculating the rectangular weir flow in the centrifugal field is derived. The overtopping process and mechanism of barrier dam is analyzed deeply, and the failure mechanism is verified by the curve of breach flow and the development of breach top width taken from model tests. The test result show that the breach of barrier dam develops throughout during the whole process of overtopping along the width direction. The development of barrier dam breach along the depth direction, however, stops at earlier time due to the accumulation of large particles in the downstream slope, and coarsening phenomenon in the downstream slope can be observed obviously at the later stage of overtopping. Thus, the bottom part of barrier dam will survive after dam break, and the condition of whole collapse has few cases. In addition, the size of breach remaining will be less than that of the homogeneous earth dam under the same condition.

关 键 词：堰塞坝 漫顶溃坝过程 溃决机理 离心模型试验 

分 类 号：TV698[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV13