近35a来疏勒河中下游绿洲化-荒漠化时空变化  

Spatiotemporal Change of Oasisization and Desertification in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Shule River in Recent 35 Years

作　　者：贾珍珍[1] 巩杰[1] 张影[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2016年第6期1294-1302,共9页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC19B09);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(lzujbky-2013-m02)

摘　　要：以疏勒河中下游为例,以1977、1986、1993、2002、2011年的Landsat影像为数据源,利用GIS和相关统计方法,分析荒漠化和绿洲化相互作用的演变过程。结果表明:1区域绿洲快速扩张,增加了937.85 km2,2002—2011年扩张速度最大,增速有所降低;荒漠面积变化幅度较小,呈先增后减的趋势,总的来说,1977—1986年以荒漠扩张为主,1986—2011年以绿洲扩张为主。2绿洲的变化趋势指数持续增加,绿洲-荒漠生态系统向着非平衡态势发展。3绿洲-荒漠双向转移趋于剧烈,其变化区域主要集中在疏勒河沿岸和绿洲-荒漠过渡带;绿洲扩张主要由于戈壁和盐碱地的开发和改造,荒漠扩张则主要是由于草地、耕地及水域的减少。农业人口的快速增长、移民政策是绿洲化和荒漠化演变过程的主要影响因素。The satellite remote sensing images in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River in five period（ 1977,1986,1993,2002 and 2011） were used as the basic data sources to analyze the interaction between oasisization and desertification and their evolution using GIS and related statistical methods. The results are as follows：1 The oasis was rapidly expanded,the oasis expansion speed was the highest during the period of 2002- 2011,its area was enlarged by 937. 85 km2,but the expansion rate was decreased in this period; the change extent of desert was smaller than that of oasis,and the desert area was enlarged at first and then reduced. Holistically,the geographical process was dominated by desert expansion during the period from 1977 to 1986 and by oasis expansion during the period of 1986- 2011; 2 The change trend index of oasis was continuously increased,and the oasisdesert ecosystem in the study area was developed towards a non-balanced situation; 3 The oasis-desert bidirectional transfer became more and more frequently,and the change regions were mainly distributed along the Shule River bank and in the oasis-desert ecotone; the expansion of oasis was mainly caused by the development and improvement of Gobi desert and saline or alkaline land,and the expansion of desert was mainly caused by the reduction of grassland,cultivated land and waters. The rapid growth of agricultural population and immigration policy were the main causes of desertification and oasisization.

关 键 词：荒漠化 绿洲化 时空演变 疏勒河中下游 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P901[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] P208