2015年田径锦标赛和大阅兵活动期间北京市NO_x浓度特征  

Characteristics of NO_x concentrations during IAAF World Championships in Athletics and 9.3 military parade periods in 2015 in Beijing

作　　者：程念亮[1,2,3] 张大伟[1] 李云婷[1] 陈添[4] 孙峰[1] 李令军[1] 程兵芬[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护监测中心大气颗粒物监测技术北京市重点实验室,北京100048 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [4]北京市环境保护局,北京100048

出　　处：《中国科学院大学学报（中英文）》2016年第6期834-843,共10页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201409005);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC23B03;2016YFC0208902);北京市优秀青年人才培养项目(201600002173G166)资助

摘　　要：利用北京市大气污染物及气象监测数据,综合分析2015年北京市田径锦标赛和大阅兵活动期间北京市空气质量与气象条件变化,初步评估减排措施对氮氧化物浓度的影响.结果表明:2015年8月20日至9月3日"两大活动"期间,北京市NO、NO_2和PM_(2.5)平均浓度分别为2.0、22.7和17.8μg·m^(-3),同比下降58.3%、52.1%和73.2%,空气质量被誉为"阅兵蓝".保障措施实施后,交通站NO日变化的峰值浓度降低约43%;而城市环境站NO峰值浓度降低约45%;NO_2早高峰和夜间的浓度积累速度明显放缓.北京市作为区域NO_2浓度高值区中心明显消失,PM_(2.5)浓度梯度分布特征消失.受局地的弱北风影响,APEC期间早高峰NO_2峰值浓度明显消失;而大阅兵期间,早高峰NO_2峰值浓度明显高于晚高峰.测算结果显示"两大活动"期间区域空气质量保障措施实现的污染物减排比例及环境污染物浓度改善比例略高于去年APEC空气质量保障.A comprehensive analysis of the variations of air quality and meteorological conditions was conducted for two major events （IAAF World Championships and September 3 Military Parade ceremony） in Beijing during the period from 20 August 2015 to 3 September 2015 when intense control measures were taken. Average concentrations of NO, NO2 , and PM2.5 were 2.0, 22.7, and 17.8μg·m^-3 respectively during the two major events, and significantly decreased by 58.3% 52.1% , and 73.2% , respectively, compared to those during the same period in 2014. The air quality in that period is called as ＂ Parade Blue＂. After implementation of emission control measures, peak concentrations of NO were reduced by about 43% at traffic stations and by about 45% at urban environmental stations, and NO2 concentrations for both early peak hours and nighttime accumulated slower than usual. Furthermore, the regional high NO2 concentration center and a gradient PM2.5 distribution pattern in Beijing both disappeared during the events. Due to the weak northern wind, the NO2 concentration peak in early morning disappeared, which was different from the situation during the APEC meeting in 2014. However, the NO2 peak in early morning was significantly higher than that at night during the two major events. Reductions in emissions and ambient pollutant concentrations during the two major events were both slightly larger than those during the APEC meeting.

关 键 词：NOx 北京 减排 空气质量 APEC 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]