公共利益与利益衡量  

Public Interest and the Interest Measurement Theory

作　　者：梁上上[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学

出　　处：《政法论坛》2016年第6期3-17,共15页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：司法部课题"公共利益原则的法律适用"(编号:15SFB2029);"清华大学自主科研计划"的资助

摘　　要：公共利益是现代法治社会的一项重要原则。公共利益是一个模糊性概念,具有很强的适应性,其内涵会随着时空背景的不同而有所不同,法院需要针对具体案件对其内涵进行阐述。公共利益原则既不同于公序良俗原则,也不同于权利滥用原则,是一项独立的法律原则。公共利益原则可以被当事人积极适用,也可以被当事人消极适用。该原则在法律适用过程中,需要借助于利益衡量方法。在利益衡量时,应该对公共利益做充分铺陈。基于公共利益的模糊性,应该灵活看待它在评价对象与评价标准、抽象利益与具体利益、未来利益与现实利益之间的关系,妥当处理它与国家利益、共同利益等不同利益之间的互相转换。导入制度利益作为过渡媒介,可以增强公共利益介入司法裁判的说服力。Public interest is of vital importance for our modern society,especially for the rule of law. Even though public interest is a vague and uncertain concept,its application is flexible responding to changeable environment and thus has enough room for interpretation. Judges need to interpret definition of this concept based on specific case. Public Interest Principle is an independent principle,which is different form Public Order and Good Morals Principle and Prohibition of Abuse of Rights Principle. In practice,it could be used positively or negatively based on different situations. Furthermore,judges should clarify this principle by applying Interest Measurement Theory,and elaborate involved public interest properly during the interest measurement process. Due to uncertainty of public interest＇s definition,we should interpret this concept flexibly considering delicate relationships between evaluation objects and standards,abstract interest and specific interest,future interest and immediate interest. Additionally,we need to envisage and handle the transformation between public interest and national interest,common interest and the other interests. Finally,the institution interest could work as an intermediary to enhance application of public interest principle in judicial practice.

关 键 词：公共利益 利益衡量 公共利益原则 公序良俗原则 权利滥用原则 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]