大气CO_2浓度升高对大豆光合生理的影响  

Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO_2 Concentration on Soybean Photosynthesis

作　　者：张仟雨 宗毓铮[1] 董琦[1] 胡晓雪[1] 郝兴宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第11期1675-1679,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"973"计划课题(2012CB955904);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD11B03-8);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-03-01-24);农业部公益性行业专项(201303104);山西省科技攻关项目(20150311006-2)

摘　　要：绿色植物进行光合作用离不开CO_2,其浓度的高低对植物的生长发育会产生一定的影响。大豆是我国及世界主要的粮食作物之一,开展大气CO_2浓度升高对大豆影响的研究,将为CO_2浓度升高条件下,大豆生产如何响应高浓度CO_2提供理论依据。利用开顶式气室(OTC)进行了CO_2浓度升高对大豆主要发育期叶片光合及叶绿素荧光影响的研究。结果表明,大气CO_2浓度升高使大豆净光合速率增加,气孔导度和蒸腾速率均下降,水分利用效率增加。大气CO_2浓度升高对大豆的叶绿素荧光参数的影响因生育期不同而有所差异,开花期,大豆叶片光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、光系统Ⅱ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)和光化学淬灭系统(q P)均无显著变化;在鼓粒期,大豆叶片光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)和非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)均比对照明显降低,光系统Ⅱ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学淬灭系数(q P)均比对照显著增加。CO2 concentration has important impact on the growth and development of plants. Soybean is one of China＇s and the world＇s major food crops. The student of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration effect on soybean will provide the theoretical basis for the soybean production in future high CO2 concentrations. In this study, open top chambers （OTC） was used to study elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration effect on soybean leaf photosynthesis and chlorophy Ⅱ fluorescence. The results showed that elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration increased net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency, decreased stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. At flowering stage, soybean leaves photosystem II maximum quantum yield （Fv/Fm）, actual photosystem Ⅱ quantum yield （Ф PS Ⅱ ）; the non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） and photochemical quenching （qP） had no significant change at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. At seed filling stage, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration decreased Fv / Fm, NPQ, but ФbPS Ⅱ and qP increased.

关 键 词：CO2浓度升高 大豆 光合作用 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S162.53[农业科学—农业气象学]