连续脉冲GTAW不同熔透状态熔池振荡频率特征及分析  

Characteristic and Analysis of Weld Pool Oscillation Frequency in Different Penetration Status for Continuous P-GTAW

作　　者：李春凯[1] 石玗[1] 顾玉芬[1] 杜雷明[1] 朱明[1] LI Chunkai SHI Yu GU Yufen DU Leiming ZHU Ming(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 73005)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进材料加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2016年第20期44-50,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：973计划前期研究专项(2014CB660810);国家自然科学基金(51305189);甘肃省自然科学基金(145RJZA119);兰州理工大学红柳杰出人才培养计划(J201201);省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLAB02015008)资助项目

摘　　要：熔池振荡频率与熔池尺寸具有直接物理对应关系,但常规弧压、弧光方法很难实现连续焊接振荡频率提取。提出一种激光视觉测量方法用于连续焊接振荡频率检测。对连续焊接条件下部分、临界及全熔透状态下的熔池振荡激光条纹进行采集,通过图像处理算法提取不同熔透状态下的频率特征,并从激光条纹变化形态、熔池表面振荡和液态金属内部流动对不同频率特征进行分析。结果表明,激光视觉法能够精确检测熔池表面金属轴向及横向的流动;在部分和全熔透状态下熔池表面及内部金属以单一模式进行振荡,存在单一特征频率;在临界熔透状态下由于熔池约束条件的变化,使其表面振荡及内部金属振荡具有部分和全熔透的振荡特征,表现出两种特征频率;不同熔透状态的振荡频率特征可为精确检测不同熔透状态提供依据。There exists a direct relationship between the weld pool oscillation frequency and size of weld pool. But the detection of weld pool in continuous condition is difficult by using arc voltage and light. In order to detect the weld pool oscillation frequency in continuous welding, a new laser-vision method is proposed. Several experiments with partial, critical and full penetration for continuous welding are conducted and the frequency is detected by the image-processing algorithm. The characteristic of the weld pool oscillation frequency in different penetration status is analyzed by the shape variation of laser-line, surface oscillation of weld pool and internal flow. The results show that there are an oscillation mode in weld pool surface and an internal flow in partial and full penetration which showed single oscillation frequency. In critical penetration, pool oscillation shows distinct boundary which has the features of partial and full penetration and there are multiple oscillation frequency. This study provides a forceful foundation for accurate detection of different penetration status.

关 键 词：熔池振荡 熔透状态 频率特征 熔透控制 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]