大头金蝇的综合利用研究进展  

Progress in the integrated application of Chrysomya megacephala(Diptera: Calliphoridae)

作　　者：王小云[1,2] 李逵[1,2] 朱芬[1,2] 雷朝亮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北省利用昆虫转化有机废弃物国际科技合作基地,武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北省昆虫资源利用与害虫可持续治理重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2016年第10期1143-1150,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：欧盟第七框架协议项目PROte INSECT(034082);中央高校基本科研专项资金(2014PY059)

摘　　要：大头金蝇Chrysomya megacephala是重要的法医昆虫、资源昆虫和卫生害虫。大头金蝇的各个发育阶段与人类活动关系密切。本文简要介绍了大头金蝇的分布、分类鉴定及生物学背景,着重从法医学应用、幼虫在有机废弃物转化中的应用、幼虫的活性物质及成虫传粉应用4个方面总结其在资源综合利用方面的研究进展,并讨论了大头金蝇其幼虫和成虫存在的风险及可能的控制方法。新型法医学手段的开发拓宽了大头金蝇在法医领域的应用范围;大头金蝇幼虫能够有效地转化粪便、餐厨垃圾、污泥等多种有机废弃物创造环境和经济效益;幼虫具有多种活性物质,有利于其高附加值产品的开发;虽然成虫的自然传粉效果好,但是其作为传粉昆虫人工释放仍有局限性,仅适用可控空间内。大头金蝇的病媒特性仍是限制其广泛应用的绊脚石,这一问题的解决,有赖于多种技术的有机结合。The blowfly Chrysomya megacephala is an important forensic indicator,resource insect and sanitary pest. It has a close association with human activities at various developmental stages.Distribution,classification and biological background of C. megacephala were briefly introduced in this review,and the forensic application,utilization of larvae to transform organic waste,active substances of larvae and pollination effects of adults were emphatically summarized. Risks caused by larvae and adults of C. megacephala and their probable handling methods were also discussed. New technical applications have broadened the aspects of forensic evidences by C. megacephala. C. megacephala larvae can efficiently consume organic waste such as manure,kitchen waste and sludge. Active substances of larvae will benefit the development of high-value-added products. Releasing of adult C. megacephala as pollinators is still restricted in controlled space although its adults are effective in pollination. The vector characteristic of C. megacephala would still be an obstacle for its wide utilization,and an integration of multiple methods might be the key to solve this problem.

关 键 词：大头金蝇 发育 法医学应用 有机废弃物转化 活性物质 传粉 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]