1986～2015年许昌市流行性出血热流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever,Xuchang city,1986-2015

作　　者：徐向华[1] 张巧红[1] 闫有成 马莹莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2016年第9期699-701,704,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的探讨许昌市流行性出血热（EHF）流行趋势，为下一步EHF防控工作提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学对1986～2015年许昌市EHF疫情资料进行分析。结果许昌市1986～2015年共报告EHF病例1575例，发病率为0．19～16．48／10万，死亡11例，死亡率为0．009／10万，病死率为0．70％；不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。病例呈散发；除经济技术开发区和城乡一体化示范区外，其他县（市、区）均有病例报告，高发地区随着时间的不同而有所不同。全年均有发病，有明显的季节特征，1986年处于流行期，1987年病例明显下降，1988～1993年发病呈春季和秋冬季两个季节高峰，共报告284例，分别占46．13％（131／284）和33．10％（94／284）；1994～2005年共报告531例，发病呈秋冬季（10～12月）单峰，占45．01％（239／531）；2006～2015年病例处于高度散发的低流行期，共报告病例151例，主要集中在10～12年及次年1月，占72．19％；男女性别比为3．57：1，职业以农民为主，占82．78％（1305／1575），年龄主要集中在25～54岁，占病例的72．37％（1140／1575）。结论许昌市EHF疫区和发病季节均有变化，近几年疫情呈上升趋势。Objective To explore the epidemic trends of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Xuchang city,so as to provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the data on epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Xuchang city,1986-2015. Results A total of 1 575 EHF cases were reported in Xuchang city during 1986-2015, the average incidence was 0. 19-16.48/105 , with 11 deaths, the death rate was 0. 009/105 , the fatality rate was 0.71 %, there was significantly difference in the incidence rate in different years（ P 〈0.01）. And the disease occurred widely. In addition to the Economic and Technological Development Zone and the integration of urban and rural areas, the other counties （cities,districts） had case report,while the cases occurred with the different time. EHF infection occurred all the year round with distinctive seasonal distribution. In 1986, EHF was in the epidemic period and decreased obviously in 1987 and during 1988-1993 ,most cases were reported in spring and autumn-winter season with 284 cases reported,accounting for 46.13% （131/284） and 33.10% （94/284）;During 1994-2005,there were 531 cases reported,accounting for 45.01% （239/531） with the single winter being the peak;During 2006-2015,151 cases were reported and highly sporadic occurring in October, November,December and the next January, accounting for 72.19 %. The percentage between men and women was 3.57 ： 1, and most cases were farmers, accounting for 82.78% （1305/1 575）, and mainly concentrated in the age of 25-54,accounting for 72.37% （1 140/1 575）. Conclusion Epidemic area and seasonal fluctuation have been changing,and the incidence of the disease has increased in recent years.

关 键 词：流行性出血热 流行特征 监测 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]