山东省部分煤矿不同采掘方式粉尘浓度调查  

Survey on dust concentration with different mining ways in coal mines,Shandong province,2015

作　　者：黄桂花[1] 赵玉功[1] 王治国[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省煤炭泰山疗养院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2016年第9期707-708,711,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解煤炭行业不同岗位工种接触粉尘浓度的分布特征，为防治粉尘危害提供科学依据。方法2015年7～9月对山东省部分煤矿，采用个体粉尘采样器采集呼吸性粉尘时间加权平均浓度，红外分光光度法测定粉尘中游离二氧化硅含量。结果调查10家煤矿，矿采工作面采集样品98份，浓度为0．03～15．65mg／m^3，合格83份，合格率为84．69％；炮掘工作面采集样品275份，浓度为0．05～14．30mg／m^3，合格229份，合格率为83．63％；综采工作面采集样品98份，浓度为0．09～38．23mg／m^3，合格52份，合格率为53．06％；综掘工作面采集样品63份，浓度为0．36～15．24mg／m^3，合格29份，合格率为46．03％；不同工种工人接触粉尘浓度差异较大（P〈0.01）。结论综采、综掘工作面仍是煤矿产尘量最大的作业场所，生产性粉尘浓度超过国家职业接触限值数倍甚至数十倍。Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of dust concentration in different positions in the coal industry,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of dust hazards. Methods During July-September,2015,the individual dust sampler was used to collect the PC-TWA, and the infrared spectrophotometric method was used to measure the SiO2 （F）. Results Surveied 10 coal mines, A total of 98 samples were collected from the blasting mining face,the concentration was 0.03-15.65 mg/m^3 ,83 samples were qualified,the qualified rate was 84.60% ;275 samples were collected from the blasting driving face,the concentration was 0.05-14.30 mg/m^3 , 229 samples were qualified, the qualified rate was 83.63%;98 samples were collected from the fully mechanized mining face, the concentration was 0.09-38.23 mg/m^3 ,52 samples were qualified, the qualified rate was 53.06%;63 samples were collected from the fully mechanized driving face, the concentration was 0.36-15.24 mg/m^3, 29 samples were qualified, the qualified rate was 46.03%. Workers in different posts were exposed to the dust concentration with significant difference （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The fully mechanized coal mining face and fully mechanized excavation face remain the biggest workplaces of the dust production in the coals, the concentration of dust produced exceeds the national occupation exposure limit several times or even dozens of times.

关 键 词：粉尘 时间加权平均浓度 游离二氧化硅 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]