黄竹地上部分营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性  

Uptake,Accumulation and Distribution of Main Elemental Nutrients in the Aboveground Parts of Dendrocalamus membranceus

作　　者：葛高波[1] 高智群[1] 刘欢[1] 叶晶 项婷婷[1] 吴家森[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [2]临安市板桥镇农业公共服务中心,浙江临安311301 [3]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《竹子研究汇刊》2016年第1期41-45,57,共6页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(No.LY13C160010);浙江农林大学科研发展基金项目(No.2014FR052)资助

摘　　要：对黄竹Dendrocalamus membranceus地上部分各器官进行研究,为黄竹的林地养分管理和培育提供基础数据.选取不同年龄标准株各1株,分别采集叶、枝、秆,用于分析不同年龄（1～4 a）和不同器官（叶、枝、秆）的植株样品N、K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu等9种营养元素含量.结果表明,黄竹地上部各器官中营养元素含量大小次序表现为：K、P、Mg、Zn元素为叶＞秆＞枝,其它5种元素含量均表现为叶＞枝＞秆.黄竹地上部分营养元素积累量为453.59 kg·hm-2,不同器官营养元素积累量的大小顺序为秆＞叶＞枝,各营养元素的积累量大小顺序为N＞K＞ Ca ＞P＞ Mg ＞Fe＞ Mn ＞Zn＞ Cu.黄竹每生产1 t干物质所需5种大量营养元素的总重量为9.91 kg,其中N、K的吸收量明显大于其他三种元素.因此,在黄竹生产过程中应适当增施氮肥和钾肥,可以促进黄竹的生长,增加竹秆产量,提高经济和生态效益.The uptake, accumulation and distribution of main elemental nutrients in the aboveground parts of Dendrocalamus membranceus were studied, in order to provide basic information for its nutrient management. One bamboo plant of the same size at every age class （1 - 4 a） was sampled. The bamboo leaves,branches and culms were sampled to analyze the contents of N,P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu. The results showed that the contents of Mg, K, P and Zn were in the order of leaves 〉 culms 〉 branches, and that of the other five nutrients were in the order of leaves 〉 branches 〉 culms. The total nutrient accumulation in the aboveground parts was 453.59 kg hm-2, and the accumulation amounts were in the order of culms 〉 leaves 〉 branches. The nutrient accumulation amount was in the order of N 〉 K 〉 P 〉 Ca 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Mn 〉 Zn 〉 Cu. The net biomass production per ton of the bamboo Dendrocalamus membranceus forest needed 9.91 kg of macro-elements. Among the investigated nutrients, the accumulation of N and K were the highest. Therefore, the application of appropriate nitrogen and potash fertilizers should be considered to promote the growth of Dendrocalamus membranceus, and to enhance the economic and ecological benefits.

关 键 词：黄竹 器官 营养元素 吸收 积累 分配 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]