长江中游农田土壤微量养分空间分布特征  

Spatial Distribution of Micronutrients in Farmland Soils in the Mid-Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：张智[1] 任意[2] 鲁剑巍[1] 郑磊[2] 苗洁[1] 李小坤[1] 任涛[1] 丛日环[1] ZHANG Zhi REN Yi LU Jianwei ZHENG Lei MIAO Jie LI Xiaokun REN Tao CONG Rihuan(College of Resources and Environment, Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation （ Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River ） , Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China NationalAgricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,微量元素研究中心,农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]农业部全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125

出　　处：《土壤学报》2016年第6期1489-1496,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：农业部耕地质量保护专项(2013135);国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662015PY135)资助~~

摘　　要：为了更好地掌握长江中游土壤肥力状况,运用地统计学和Arc GIS技术相结合的方法,对湖北、湖南、江西三省41 943个土壤样品的微量养分(铁Fe、锰Mn、铜Cu、锌Zn、硼B)含量的分布特征和空间变异进行研究。结果表明,长江中游土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B的平均含量分别为88.0、27.2、3.05、1.71、0.41 mg kg-1。空间分布特征表现为Fe、Mn均以江汉平原区较低,Zn以湖南省较低,Cu、B空间分布较为不均;与第二次土壤普查结果相比,土壤微量养分含量均有所提高,其中Fe、Mn、Cu含量为缺乏或严重缺乏的面积比例分别降至0.1%、2.2%和0.1%,而Zn和B分别为30.8%和17.7%。不同的土地利用类型、土壤类型和成土母质对土壤微量养分均有不同程度的影响。随着微量养分在农业生产中的贡献越来越突出,亟须根据土壤微量养分的分布特征进行分区管理。【Objective】 The mid-reaches of the Yangtze River Valley is an important agricultural zone of China. The region is very high in multi-cropping index and dominated with a cropping rotation system,i.e. rotation of paddy/upland or rice/rapeseed. Long-term application of a large amount of chemical fertilizers in that system has resulted in imbalance of soil micronutrients. 【Method】 To better understand nutrient status of the soil in the region,the five micronutrient elements（Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B）in the soil were cited as objects in the study and a total of 41 943 soil samples were collected from Hubei,Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces for analysis of contents of the five soil micronutrient elements and spatial distributions of the elements for plotting a farmland soil micronutrient element distribution map of the region,with the aid of the geostatistic function of Arc GIS. 【Result】 The statistical results show that the soil available Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B contents averaged 88.0,27.2,3.05,1.71 and 0.41 mg kg-1,respectively,with coefficient variation（CV）lingering in the range from 63.1% to 112.2%,or at the medium or strong level. Among the five elements,B was the highest in variability. Distributions of the elements could be characterized by peaks that tended toward the right and to be medium or strong in variability,which was attributed to the joint effects of natural and human factors. Results of the semivariogram analysis via GS＋ 9.0 show that the distributions of the nutrient elements appeared all to be in lognormal pattern,and the optimum theoretical model for all the five,except B,was the exponential model and that for B was the spherical model. The nugget and sill values in the model represented stochastic and structural deviations,respectively,and the mean nugget/sill ratio varied in the range of 50.1%~66.9%,indicating medium in spatial autocorrelation（25%~75%）,and the variations of the micronutrient elements were attributed mainly to stochastic deviations. The spatial autocorrelation varied in the

关 键 词：微量养分 空间分布 ARCGIS 农田土壤 长江中游 

分 类 号：S158.9[农业科学—土壤学]