射阳县2007-2014年狂犬病监测结果分析  

Analyze of rabies surveillance results in Sheyang County from 2007 to 2014

作　　者：金加洪[1] 曹恒志[1] 

机构地区：[1]射阳县疾病预防控制中心,江苏224300

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2016年第11期1220-1222,1225,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的分析射阳县2007-2014年狂犬病监测结果,掌握狂犬病流行特征及趋势,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法收集射阳县2007-2014年狂犬病监测资料,运用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果射阳县2007-2014年共报告狂犬病散发病例8例,年龄在47-72岁组间,男女之比为7∶1,全部为农村居民,春、夏、秋季发病,均为犬伤、Ⅲ级暴露及暴露后未接受规范处置;潜伏期最短为16 d、最长为13年,平均病程3.75 d。共登记处理41 049名暴露者,暴露人数均以每年6-8月最多,1-3月和12月较少;被动免疫制剂使用率在3.50%以下;伤人动物以犬为主。处理15起一犬伤多人事件。犬年平均免疫率22.16%,密度4.69只/100人;猫平均免疫率1.84%,密度4.96只/100人。常规监测犬脑组织标本狂犬病病毒核酸检测阳性率2.70%,一犬伤多人事件伤人犬脑组织病毒核酸阳性率100.00%。结论射阳县2007-2014年人间狂犬病发病保持散发状态,但存在多种防治不利因素,因此需加强犬等宿主动物管理、免疫和暴露者的医疗救济。Objective To analyze the surveillance Results of 2007 -2014 in Sheyang, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods The data of rabies surveillance in Sheyang were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiol- ogy method. Results From 2007 to 2014, 8 cases of rabies were reported. The patients aged from 47 to 72 years, and the male and female sex ratio was 7：1. All the patients were rural residents. Cases occurred in the spring, summer, autumn, and all were injured by dogs. A total of 41 049 exposed persons were registered and disposed of. Exposure rate was higher in June to August, and lower in January to March and December. Most of the wounds were in grade III. Dog was the main attacking animal. A total of 15 cases that a dog injured many people were reported, all in spring and autumn. The average immunization rate of the dog was 22. 16%, the density was 4. 69 dogs/100 persons, the average immunization rate of the cat was 1.84%, and the density was 4. 96 cats/100 persons. From 2007 to 2009, 38 brain tissue samples of dogs were collected and detected, 2 samples were detec- ted to rabies virus. Conclusion The human rabies was sporadic in Sheyang in recent years, but the dog＇s injury had occurred frequently, host animals were rarely immunized, and the use rate of passive immunity drugs against rabies for human was low, so the relevant departments need to strengthen.

关 键 词：狂犬病 监测 流行特征 

分 类 号：R646[医药卫生—外科学]