羊在日本血吸虫病传播中的作用Ⅴ流行区羊养殖状况及在传播中的意义  

Role of goat in transmission of schistosomiasis japonica Ⅴ Goat breeding in endemic regions and role of goat in schistosomiasis transmission

作　　者：王宜安[1] 汪伟[1] 梁幼生[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所、国家卫生和计划生育委员会寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室、江苏省寄生虫与媒介控制技术重点实验室,无锡214064

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2016年第5期606-608,610,共4页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：江苏省临床医学科技专项(BL2014021);江苏省卫生厅项目(X200902、X201408、X201410);江苏省无锡市卫生局卫生科研项目(Q201510);江苏省镇江市社会发展科技项目;江苏省镇江市丹徒区科技计划项目

摘　　要：本文综述了我国湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江西和江苏等湖区5省和云南、四川等大山区2省血吸虫病流行区近年来家庭养殖羊的主要品种、存栏数、养殖方式、敞放散养比例、对日本血吸虫易感性,血吸虫感染率、感染度,羊粪便污染以及感染性羊的分布与感染性钉螺和人群分布的相关性。鉴于目前我国湖区家庭养殖羊的存栏数量巨大、养殖方式以敞放散养为主、多数地区羊血吸虫感染率高、羊粪对环境污染面广量大、感染性羊分布与感染性钉螺分布具有高度相关性等特征,认为羊是我国日本血吸虫病重要传染源,在我国日本血吸虫病传播中占据重要地位。考虑到控制家畜血吸虫病将成为我国最终阻断和消除血吸虫病的关键,故有必要将羊的日本血吸虫病综合治理纳入国家层面的防控规划中并予以充分重视。This review describes the major species,number,breeding pattern,ratio of fenced to freely grazed goat,susceptibility to Schistosoma japonicum,pattern of S. japonicum infection,infection rate,intensity of infection,fecal contamination of goat that were bred in 5 marshland and lake provinces of Hunan,Hubei,Jiangxi,Anhui and Jiangsu,and two mountainous provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan,and demonstrates the associations of infected goat distribution with the distribution of infected Oncomelania hupensis snails and humans. Considering the huge number of goat which were predominantly grazed freely in marshland and lake endemic regions of China,the high infection rate,numerous environmental pollution by goat feces,as well as the close correlation between the infected goat distribution and infected snail distribution,goat is considered as a major infectious source for schistosomiasis japonica in China,and to play a critical role in the transmission of the disease. Since the control of schistosomiasis in animals is critical to schistosomiasis interruption and elimination,it is suggested that the integrated management of goat schistosomiasis should be included in the national schistosomiasis control program of China.

关 键 词：日本血吸虫病 羊 传染源 养殖现状 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]