食盐加碘含量下调后青海省人群碘营养状况评价  

Assessment of iodine nutritional status of people in Qinghai Province after the content of salt iodine decreased

作　　者：孟献亚[1] 甘培春[1] 杨佩珍[1] 李勇[1] 李亚楠[1] 陈勋[1] 蔡生花[1] 胡兰盛[1] 周昕[1] 曹慧萍[1] 张秀丽[1] 何多龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病科,西宁811602

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2016年第11期821-824,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生服务专项资金地方病防治项目（2011,2014年）

摘　　要：目的了解《食用盐碘含量》新标准实施后青海省人群碘营养状况，为制订碘缺乏病控制策略提供依据。方法对青海省2011年和2014年碘缺乏病病情监测资料进行对比分析。评价碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率、盐碘中位数、8-10岁儿童甲状腺肿大（甲肿）率、儿童尿碘中位数和孕妇尿碘水平的变化情况。结果2011年盐碘中位数为31．7mg／kg，2014年为26．2mg／kg，两者比较差异有统计学意义（H=533．772，P〈0．05）；2011年合格碘盐食用率为90．0％（1103／1225），2014年为80．3％（1246／1552），下降9．7个百分点；2011年儿童甲肿率为0．15％（2／1303），2014年为0．25％（4／1607），两者比较差异无统计学意义（x2=4．000，P〉0．05）；2011年8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为217．2μg/L，2014年为209．4μg/L，两者比较差异无统计学意义（H=1．270，P〉0．05）；2011年孕妇尿碘中位数为200．0μg/L，2014年为133．2μg/L，两者比较差异有统计学意义（H=36．639，P〈0．05）。结论盐碘含量下调后，青海省8～10岁儿童尿碘水平适宜，孕妇存在碘缺乏风险，其影响因素可能为合格碘盐食用率的下降。Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of people in Qinghai Province after implementation of new standard of salt iodine, and provide the basic data for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods The monitoring data of 2011 and 2014 were compared, and the changes of the coverage rate of iodized salt, the rate of qualified iodized salt consumption, the median of salt iodine and urine iodine, goiter rate of school children aged 8 - 10 and the urine iodine level of pregnant women were evaluated. Results The median of salt iodine in 2011 and 2014 was 31.7 and 26.2 mg/kg, respectively, the difference was statistically significant （H = 533.772, P 〈 0.05）. The rates of qualified iodized salt consumption and school children goiter in 2011 and 2014 were 90.0% （1 103/1 225）, 80.3% （1 246/1 552） and 0.15% （2/1 303）, 0.25% （4/ 1 607）, respectively; the rate of qualified iodized salt consumption decreased 9.7% compared with that of 2011; the difference between goiter rates was statistically not significant （X2 = 4.000, P 〉 0.05）. The median of urinary iodine of school children aged 8 - 10 in 2011 and 2014 was 217.2 and 209.4 μg/L, respectively, the difference was statistically not significant （H = 1.270, P 〉 0.05）; the median of urinary iodine of pregnant women in 2011 and 2014 was 200.0 and 133.2 μg/L, the difference was statistically significant （H = 36.639, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions With decreasing of salt iodine level, the level of urinary iodine among children is appropriate, while there is an iodine deficiency risk among the pregnant women. The main influence factor may be decreased consumption of qualified iodized salt.

关 键 词：盐 碘 儿童 孕妇 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]