应用于输电线路单端测距的高阻接地故障电弧模型分析  

Transmission Line High-impedance Fault Modeling Analysis for Single-end Fault Location

作　　者：孙月琴[1] 倪江[2,3] 王宾[2,3] 谢民[1] 王海港[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网安徽省电力公司,安徽省合肥市230061 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市100084 [3]清华大学,电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京市100084

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2016年第22期86-92,共7页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51477084);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(3152016);国家电网公司科技项目~~

摘　　要：高压输电线路高阻接地故障大多伴随电弧放电,传统基于实时计算的Cassie、Mayr等电弧微分方程模型,数值求解中每一时刻电弧电压都由上一时刻多参数迭代得到,难以直接应用到继电保护和故障测距中来。现有分析一般将电弧考虑为静态纯阻性元件或稳态电弧电压方波模型,而丧失了最富有价值的动态特性。针对该问题,文中面向输电线路单端高阻接地故障测距需求,基于描述空气放电本质的汤逊原理,利用电子的定向运动来表达电弧电流;利用电弧空间中电场和电子崩运动的耦合关系描述电弧电压与电流的函数关系,建立了输电线路单端测距用的高阻接地故障动态电弧模型。该模型克服了传统电弧微分方程计算复杂、难以直接为保护和测距应用的缺陷,对后续高阻接地故障检测、保护与测距研究奠定了基础。High-impedance ground faults on high-voltage transmission lines are mostly accompanied by arc discharge.The traditional Cassie and Mayr dynamic arc models are described with arc differential equations,while the numerical solution of every moment arc voltage should be calculated with iterations,hence these models cannot be directly used in relay protection and fault location.For lack of an accurate dynamic arc model,the model is generally considered a static resistant or steady arc voltage square wave model,and that results in loss of the most valuable dynamic characteristic.To solve this problem,based on the air discharge nature description of the Thompson theory,the directional movement of a large number of electrons is used to represent arc current;and the coupling relation between electric field and electronic avalanche motion in air space is utilized to create a function of arc voltage and current,thus establishing a dynamic arc model of high-impedance ground faults for the application in single terminal fault location in transmission lines.The traditional arc differential equations are complex to calculate and hard to be directly applied in current fault location and relay protection algorithms.Nevertheless,the model has overcome the defects and laid the foundation for high-impedance ground fault detection,protection and location.

关 键 词：输电线路 高阻故障 电弧形态 故障测距 汤逊原理 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]