奥地利学派经济周期理论及危机的货币根源  

Business Cycle Theory of The Austrian School and the Monetary Origin of Crisis

作　　者：黄俊明[1] 谷超[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学发展研究院,昆明650021

出　　处：《商业研究》2016年第11期104-111,共8页Commercial Research

摘　　要：奥地利学派认为货币需求结构变化是诱发危机的真正原因,货币需求结构的变化导致不同主体的购买力对比发生变化,致使不同产品的相对价格发生变化,并导致资源配置结构的变化。但是,这种资源配置结构本身并不反映实际的资源相对稀缺度,一旦货币需求的影响减弱了,资源结构就会回调,进而引发经济振荡。当货币需求结构变化持续到足以影响绝大多数经济部门的程度时,资源结构的回调就表现为广泛的行业振荡,也就是衰退和萧条;由于现有的垄断货币发行体制使得货币发行者可以回避超发货币的成本来发行货币,尽管人们并不知道这个程度是多少,但货币超发迟早会达到这样一个程度。因此,消除危机的方法是引入一种竞争性的货币发行机制,以解决发行货币的"成本-收益"不对称问题。Austrian school thought the real origin of crisis is the changes in the structure of monetary demand. Changes in the structure of monetary demand lead to changes in the purchasing power of different subjects, resulting in changes in the relative prices of different products, and changes in the structure of resource allocation. However, such structure of resources allocation does not reflect the relative scarcity of resources. That means, once the effect of monetary demand becomes weakly, such structure of resources would turn back and lead to economic fluctuations. When the changes in the structure of monetary demand grow up to influence the most of sectors of economy, such turned back of the structure of resources becomes widespread the recession and the depression; because of the monopoly monetary issuance system, the organization who issue money could make it without the cost of too much money, so that the changes finally grow up to such degree. So, the only way that we can eliminate the crisis is to bring a competitive monetary issuance system, which could solve the dissymmetry of ＂cost-income＂ problem of monetary issuance.

关 键 词：奥地利学派 经济周期 货币危机 

分 类 号：F069.9[经济管理—政治经济学]