2011-2014年成都市手足口病重症病例流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis on severe cases of hand,foot and mouth disease in Chengdu City,2011-2014

作　　者：郭正梅[1] 速丽媛[1] 杨才彬 薛毅 蒋晓兰[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]成都市锦江区疾病预防控制中心 [3]成都市武侯区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2016年第12期1499-1502,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重症手足口病在成都市的流行病学特征,为本地区手足口病的重点防控提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2011-2014年成都市手足口病重症病例的三间分布特征和病原学特征进行分析。结果 2011年1月-2014年12月期间,成都市通过传染病网络直报系统和个案调查最终确定的手足口病重症病例为1 189例(61.56%为实验室确诊病例,0.67%为死亡病例)。其中,5岁以下重症病例占总发病数的97.31%,男女性发病比为1.54:1,以散居儿童、幼托儿童为主,发病高峰集中在4-7月。重症病例高发地区主要集中在龙泉驿区、武侯区、金牛区、成华区、双流县和锦江区。在实验室确诊的重症病例中,主要病原体为EV71(40.03%)、Cox A16(4.92%),其他肠道病毒(55.05%)。结论手足口病重症病例多见于5岁以下儿童,男性发病率高于女性,主要发病季节为春夏季。2011-2014年成都市重症手足口病的发病率呈现先降后升的趋势,2013年的发病率最高,发病强度在不同地区水平不同,考虑人口密度、人口流动性等因素可能为疫情高发的危险因素。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Chengdu City so as to provide evidence for focus prevention and control of HFMD in local areas. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the time, region and population distribution features and pathogenic characteristics of severe HFMD cases in Chengdu City from 2011 to 2014. Results A total of 1,189 severe HFMD cases （including laboratory-confirmed cases （61.56%） and death cases （0.67%）） were confirmed by the Network Direct Report System of Infectious Disease Epidemics and the case surveillance in Chengdu City from January 2011 to December 2014. 97.31% of the severe cases occurred in children aged 〈5 years. The male to female ratio of the severe cases was 1.541. Most of the severe cases were scattered children and preschoolers, and the incidence peak occurred during April-July. The severe cases were mainly detected in Longquanyi District, Wuhou District, Jinniu District, Chenghua District, Shuangliu County and Jinjiang District. The major pathogens of the laboratory-confirmed severe cases were EV71 （40.03%）, Cox A16 （4.92%） and other enteric virus （55.05%）. Conclusions The severe HFMD cases mainly occur in children aged 〈 5 years, and the incidence is higher in males than in females. Spring and summer are the main onset seasons. The incidence rates of the severe HFMD cases in Chengdu City during 2011-2014 present a tendency of declining first and then increasing. The highest incidence rate is found in 2013, and the incidence intensity varies obviously with different areas, which may be attributed to the population density and mobility factors in these areas.

关 键 词：手足口病重症病例 描述流行病学方法 肠道病毒71型 柯萨奇病毒16型 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]