鲜食葡萄产业链利润分配研究——基于河北昌黎的案例分析  

Analysis of the profit allocation of the supply chain of the table grape industry: A case study of Changli County in Hebei Province

作　　者：邓磊[1] 张希玲[1] 赵婧洁[2,3] 王瑞梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]中国财政科学研究院,北京100142 [3]北京市海淀区国家税务局,北京100091

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2016年第6期1128-1134,共7页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2014BAL07B05);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(13YJCZH182)~~

摘　　要：深入分析鲜食葡萄产业链利润分配格局,对解决当前各利益主体间利润分配不合理问题,改善主产区农户收益状况,推动葡萄产业健康发展有着重要意义。以河北省昌黎县至北京鲜食葡萄的流通为例,分析产业链中农户、批发商和零售商的成本收益情况及利润分配格局,并运用Shapley值法,探讨产业链中不同利润分配模式的优化与选择。结果表明,当前产业链利润分配格局中,农户获得产业链利润的21%,批发商获得52%,零售商获得27%,而农户资金投入与时间投入远高于批发商与零售商,且其收益状况受气候条件、市场价格与需求及批发商和零售商市场与价格风险转移的多重影响,承担了巨大风险,表明当前产业链利润向流通环节过度倾斜,利润分配不合理。综合考虑产业链中各主体贡献、成本投入及参与合作动力等因素后,修正的Shapley值分配结果表明,农户获得产业链利润的29%,批发商获得48%,零售商获得23%,农户收益状况得到显著改善,保障了产业链稳定运行。因此,要改善当前鲜食葡萄产业链利润分配格局,应完善产业链各主体间利益连接机制,建立稳定的合作关系,推动产业健康发展。The table grape industry played a significant role in increasing rural income and promoting economic development in rural area. However, the profit allocation throughout the whole chain is not reasonable, which is harmful to the sustainability of the table grape supply chain. Based on the survey data in Changli, Hebei, this paper analyzed the profit allocation within the whole supply chain for the table grape industry. Meanwhile, this paper also discussed the optimal profit allocation of the table grape industry through the application of the Shapley value method. Results show that the current profit distribution in the table grape supply chain is not balanced： the profit shares for farmers, wholesalers, and retailers were 21%, 52%, and 27%, respectively. However, farmers＇ profit share were not stable due to production and market risks and the buyer-dominant relationship with wholesalers, meaning the table grape supply chain is characterized by skewed profit distribution. Taking the cost, contribution, and collaboration incentives within the supply chain into consideration, the improved Shapley value evaluation results show that the profit shares for farmers, wholesalers, and retailers changed to 29%, 48%, and 23%, respectively, which is a more stable and superior profit distribution pattern for the table grape industry. Therefore, it is important to improve the mutual collaboration of all players within the whole supply chain to promote the healthy development of the table grape industry.

关 键 词：鲜食葡萄 产业链 利润分配 SHAPLEY值 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]