植物单倍体的产生、鉴定、形成机理及应用  

Generation,identification,formation mechanism and application of plant haploids

作　　者：殷丽琴[1,2] 付绍红[2] 杨进[2] 李云[2] 王继胜[2] 王茂林[1] Liqin Yin Shaohong Fu Jin Yang Yun Li Jisheng Wang Maolin Wang(College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Institute of Crop Research, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064 [2]成都市农林科学院作物所,成都611130

出　　处：《遗传》2016年第11期979-991,共13页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金："十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(编号:JFYS2016ZY03002156)资助~~

摘　　要：单倍体(Haploid)是指含有配子染色体数目的个体,对其进行基因组加倍可以快速获得纯合双单倍体(Doubled haploid,DH)。单倍体和双单倍体在植物品种选育、突变体筛选、基因功能鉴定、细胞学研究、遗传群体构建等方面具有重要作用,是近年来植物领域的一大研究热点。本文从单倍体和双单倍体的产生途径、鉴定、形成机理以及应用等方面较全面地综述了单倍体的最新研究进展,为单倍体的研究利用作一定的参考。Haploids are individuals with gametophytic chromosome numbers.Homozygous doubled haploids can be quickly gained by genome doubling.Haploids and doubled haploids play an important role on crop breeding,mutant screening,gene functional analysis,cytological studies,construction of genetic population and so on,and have been a research hotspot of plants in recent years.In this review,we summarize the production means,identification,the genetic mechanism and the applications of haploids and doubled haploids.We hope to provide a reference for study and application of haploids and doubled haploids.

关 键 词：单倍体 双单倍体 鉴定 遗传机制 应用 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]