儿童耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的分布特征及临床分析  

Clinical analysis and distribution characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children

作　　者：赵瑞珍[1] 陈虹宇[1] 胡瑛[1] 郎家庆[1] 王红梅[1] ZHAO Ruizhen CHEN Hongyu HU Ying LANG Jiaqing WANG Hongmei(Shenzhen Childrents Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518026, China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院,广东深圳518026

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2016年第11期1292-1294,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委知识创新计划(JCYJ20140416141331476)

摘　　要：目的通过分析住院患儿分离出的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)菌株的分布情况及临床特点,了解MRSA感染的危险因素,为预防、控制MRSA的传播提供参考。方法分析临床分离出的445株MRSA,对其季节分布、年龄特点、科室分布及标本类型等进行分析。结果 MRSA的检出率为30.44%(445/1462),其中男287例(检出率64.49%),女158例(检出率35.51%),男性高于女性。从季节分布看:6月份最多,12月份最少;从科室分布看,呼吸科最多,其次为骨科、新生儿科、心内科感染MRSA患儿居多;从标本类型来看,痰液中MRSA检出率最高。结论患儿由于自身因素,年龄小、体内产生抗体的器官尚未发育完善,全身抵抗力差,较易感染。因此,医院应加强侵入性操作的无菌管理,避免不必要的侵入性操作,实行对导管插管等相关医院感染危险因素的预防与控制,缩短住院时间,及时隔离MRSA感染者,并做好监测。Objective To investigate the clinical risk factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）through analyzing clinical manifestations and distribution of MRSA strains isolated in hospitalized pediatric patients,so as to provide basic data for prophylaxis and control of MRSA.Methods The retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted in 445 child patients with MRSA infections admitted in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from Jan.2012 to Jan.2014 in regards to seasonal distribution,age,ward distribution and specimen types.Results The total detection rate of MRSA was 30.44%（445/1462）.287 children were male（64.49%）,and 158 children were female（35.51%）.The incidence rate was highest in June while lowest in December.The detection rate in pneumology department was the highest,followed by orthopaedics department,neonatology department and cardiology department.Most of MSRA were detected from sputum.Conclusion Due to younger age,low immunity,immature organs,younger patients are prone to be infected.Medical institutions should intensify the managment of sterile operations,avoid unnecessary invasive procedures,and prevent and control intubation-related nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：儿童 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 临床 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]