全球伤寒和副伤寒的流行强度区域及其预防策略  

Global epidemic intensity and prevention strategies of typhoid and paratyphoid fever

作　　者：倪世友 王树坤[1,2] NI Shiyou WANG Shukun(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671000 [2]玉溪市疾病预防控制中心,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2016年第11期1357-1361,共5页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：伤寒和副伤寒流行强度与区域人口数、发病率、病死率、高危人群、污水系统及卫生设施、地表水系及环境污染、健康教育与人群习惯的关系密切。美国疾病预防控制中心提出、世界卫生组织报道、国际学者引用的流行区域划分法是根据伤寒和副伤寒每年发病率的高、中、低水平来划分的,该划分法不能真实反映〈100万、100~1 000万、〉1 000万人口数的伤寒和副伤寒高、中、低流行强度和相应区域。本研究对全球伤寒和副伤寒流行强度区域文献作一综述,分析伤寒和副伤寒流行强度、流行强度区域及其指标体系,为查明相应流行强度区域危险因素、进行风险评估和制定防控策略提供科学依据。Epidemic intensity of typhoid and paratyphoid fever is closely related to the regional population,morbidity,mortality,high risk population,sanitation facilities of sewage system,environmental pollution of surface water system,health education and people′s living habits.The method for division of epidemic intensity areas was proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States,reported by the World Health Organization and cited by international scholars,which is based on single annual incidences of typhoid and paratyphoid fever to divide the global regions into high,medium and low endemic areas.However,the division method can′t truly reflect the high,medium and low epidemic intensities in the regions which have a population of〈1 million,between 1to 10 million,or 〉10 million.This article reviewed relevant literatures on the epidemic intensities of typhoid and paratyphoid fever all over the world,and proposed the epidemic intensity,epidemic regions and epidemic index system of typhoid and paratyphoid fever to provide the scientific basis for the identification of the corresponding risk factors,risk assessment and prevention strategies in the endemic areas.

关 键 词：伤寒 副伤寒 流行强度 预防 

分 类 号：R516.3[医药卫生—内科学]