利用车载式采集方法研究贵州飞行昆虫多样性  

The Diversity of Flying Insects Collected with a Vehicle-mounted Net in Guizhou Province

作　　者：张圣芳[1] 杨曜铭 潘威[2] 贾若[2] 寻慧[2] 王毅[2] 杨明[2] ZHANG Shengfang YANG Yaoming PAN Wei JIA Ruo XUN Hui WANG Yi YANG Ming(Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou , China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学分子生物学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学基础医学院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《贵州医科大学学报》2016年第11期1249-1253,1257,共6页Journal of Guizhou Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30660021);贵州省社会发展攻关项目[黔科合SY(2012)3083]

摘　　要：目的:探讨利用车载式采集方法研究贵州飞行昆虫多样性的可行性。方法:选择贵州省7县,采用自制车载式捕虫网分别在日出和日落前后1 h以车速48 km/h沿河采集飞行昆虫,比较日出和日落前后1 h采集的各类飞行昆虫的数量,体视显微镜下进行形态学初步分类。结果:共采集昆虫标本49 622只,日出前后1 h采集数量(7 842只)低于日落前后1 h采集数量(41 780只),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);所采集除昆虫标本中除1只为双尾纲昆虫外,其余均为昆虫纲昆虫,共8目145科,其中20科(分别属于5个目)此前未见分布于贵州的报道,优势类群鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目、膜翅目的科数分别占总科数的26.2%、25.5%、20.7%和20.0%,半翅目和蜻蜓目各占4.8%和1.4%,襀翅目和脉翅目各占0.7%。结论:利用自制车载式捕虫网采集飞行昆虫研究当地昆虫多样性的方法可行,日落前后采集效果最佳。Objective：To collect flying insects with a vehicle-mounted trap in Leishan,Rongjiang, Sansui,Jiangkou,Dejiang,Guanling,Kaiyang counties in Guizhou Province from July to September, 2014 ,investigate biodiversity of these flying insects and compare amount of these flying insects be-tween the time-span from 1 h before sunrise to 1 h after sunrise and the time-span from 1 h before sun-set to 1 h after sunset. Methods：A vehicle-mounted trap was used to collect flying insects along river-nearby roads at speed of 48 km/h at two time-spans：the time-span from 1 h before sunrise to 1 h after sunrise and the time-span from 1 h before sunset to 1 h after sunset. The preliminary morphological classification for collected flying insects was carried out under the stereo microscope. Results：The to-tal counts of specimens are 49 ,622 ,and all belonged to order Insecta except 1 individual of order En-totrophi. Insecta specimens fell into 8 orders and 145 families. Among them,the most abundant family orders are Coleoptera,Diptera,Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera,accounting for 26. 2%,25. 5%, 20. 7%,and 20. 0% of total families respectively. Other orders are Hemiptera（4. 8%）,Odonata （1. 4%）,Plecoptera（0. 7%）,and Neuroptera（0. 7%）. There was significant differences（ P 〈0. 05）in number of insects between at the time-span from 1 h before sunrise to 1 h after sunrise（7,842 individuals）and the time-span from 1 h before sunset to 1 h after sunset（41,780 individuals）. Conclusions：This is the first report of flying insect diversity investigated with a vehicle-mounted net in China. Among the 9 orders and 146 families flying insects collected,20 families（ falling into 5 or-ders）have not been reported in Guizhou. The preliminary analysis also shows that number of sunset batch is significantly higher than that of sunrise batch.

关 键 词：昆虫 形态学分类 多样性 贵州 车载式捕虫网 

分 类 号：R384.5[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]