旅游发展背景下民族社区宗教精英的权力变化研究——以三亚凤凰镇回族为例  

On the Power Change of Religious Elites of Nationality Community under the Background of Tourism Development——A Case of Hui in Fenghuang Town in Sanya

作　　者：孙九霞[1] 黄凯洁 

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广东广州510275

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2016年第4期52-56,共5页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目<西南少数民族传统村落的保护与利用研究>(批准号:15ZDB118);2012国家自然科学基金项目<社区旅游发展过程中的社会空间再生产:跨学科视野下的多案例实证研究社区旅游发展过程中的社会空间再生产:跨学科视野下的多案例实证研究>(批准号:41171124);国家民委民族问题研究一般项目<旅游发展导向下的少数民族地区新型城镇化研究>阶段性成果

摘　　要：当旅游已经成为我国民族社区发展动力时,旅游对民族社区社会文化变迁的影响也引起了学者的关注。作为传统文化主要承载者和维护者的民族社区传统文化精英,其在旅游发展过程中的权力变化并没有得到重视。本文以三亚凤凰镇回族社区为例,通过访谈、观察等方法了解旅游发展及冲突事件过程,从权力变化的视角探讨旅游发展对社区宗教精英产生的影响。研究发现:旅游的发展间接促进了村民对宗教权威的认同,强化了宗教精英对宗教事务的管理权;但在旅游引发的利益冲突中,宗教精英权力出现"外强内弱"的变化,传统权威被弱化,个人能力成为社区调解权力的基本支撑。宗教精英自身具有的灵活性和主动性,也在一定程度上抵制了旅游现代性带来的权力弱化,为进一步探讨如何破解现代化发展与传统文化延续间矛盾提供了借鉴。The influence of tourism on the social and culture change of national communities has drawn the concern of researchers when it becomes the motive force of development in such communities.The traditional culture elites,as the main carrier and vindicator,the change of their power in the development process has not been noticed yet Centered on Fenghuang town of Hui in Sanya and through the researching ways of interview and observation to know the tourism development and conflict events,the paper tries to explore the influence of tourism development on the religious elites in communities from the perspective of power change.The finding shows that such development indirectly prompts the identity of villagers to the religious authorities,reinforced the power of elites on the managing of religious affairs,but in the beneficial conflicts aroused by the tourism,such power appears to be ＂strength outside and weakness inside,the traditional authorities are weakened,personal ability is the basic support of community mediating power.The flexibility and initiative of elites resist the power weakening to some extent which is aroused by the tourism modernity,it helps to explore the way of solving the contradiction between the development and traditional culture.

关 键 词：旅游发展 三亚回族 社区精英 宗教精英 权力变化 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]