危险驾驶行为犯罪化研究——从间接危害行为的视角  

On Criminalization of Dangerous Driving Conduct:From the Perspective of Conduct of Remote Harm

作　　者：姜敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《现代法学》2016年第6期134-145,共12页Modern Law Science

基　　金：2013年国家社科基金项目"交通风险语境下间接危害行为犯罪化研究"(13CFX046)

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(八)》增设危险驾驶罪,把醉酒驾驶和在道路上驾车竞驶行为犯罪化,突破刑法规制交通违法行为只惩罚造成实害行为的窠臼,且《刑法修正案(九)》进一步把诸多没有造成实害的危险驾驶行为犯罪化。对于把危险驾驶行为犯罪化,从而进一步严密交通安全刑事法网的预防性立法措施,中国刑法学界并没有达成共识。同时,学界从风险社会理论角度对危险驾驶行为是否入罪的理论解析,亦存在很大盲区,导致理论争讼绕开了实质问题。违反道路安全法的、导致实害结果可能的危险驾驶行为,不是单纯的交通风险行为,而是属于英美刑法中的由危害原则派生的间接危害行为。属于间接危害行为的危险驾驶行为具有的客观危害和主观可责罚性,是其可被犯罪化的根据。把属于间接危害行为的危险驾驶行为犯罪化,不能违背公平正义原则,其犯罪化亦必然应受到限制。The 8th Criminal law Amendment makes dangerous driving a new crime,which criminalizes acts of drunk and over-speed driving,breaking through the traditional criminal law theory that only punishing the acts with result. The 9th Criminal law Amendment further criminalizes dangerous driving conducts. The risk acts in traffic safety area is not only a risk,but a harm that is called remote harm in English-American law system. Chinese academics have not agreed that our criminal law should further criminalize dangerous driving conduct as to narrow the loophole. Moreover,arguments from theory of risk society in Chinese criminal academics have blind side,which leads arguments avoiding substantive issues in criminalization of dangerous driving conducts. Dangerous driving conduct has objective harm and subjective culpability,which is the base of criminalization. Criminalizing Dangerous driving conduct is to attribute substantive bad result to remote harm conduct,there are limitations on this criminalization so as to match with fair imputation.

关 键 词：危险驾驶行为 危害原则 间接危害(行为) 犯罪化 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]