饲料质量对丰鲤和奥尼罗非鱼生长和饲料利用的影响  

Effects of Feed Quality on the Growth and Feed Utilization of Hybrid Carp(Cyprinus carpio var.Xingguo ♀ ×Cyprinus carpio var.mirror splittered ♂)and Hybrid Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus ♀×O.aureus ♂)

作　　者：姚峰[1] 杨严鸥 岳鼎鼎 巫丽云 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自科版）（下旬）》2016年第11期28-31,36,共5页Journal of Yangtze University

基　　金：淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放课题(201604E4)

摘　　要：研究了丰鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Xingguo♀×Cyprinus carpio var.mirror splittered♂)和奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus♀×O.aureus♂)摄食低质(LQ)和高质(HQ)2种等能饲料(饲料蛋白质水平分别为34.25%和45.44%,前者蛋白质主要来源为豆粕,后者主要为鱼粉)时的生长和饲料利用特点。结果显示:(1)摄食高质饲料时,丰鲤的鱼体增重、蛋白质和能量特定生长率显著高于摄食低质饲料时,奥尼罗非鱼的各项生长指标不受饲料质量影响;(2)丰鲤的摄食率不受饲料质量影响,饲料转化效率和蛋白质效率比在饲料质量改善后显著提高,奥尼罗非鱼的摄食率和饲料转化效率不受饲料质量影响,蛋白质效率比在饲料质量改善后显著下降;(3)饲料质量提高后,丰鲤肌体的水分含量显著提高,脂肪和能量含量显著降低,蛋白质含量没有显著变化;奥尼罗非鱼的水分含量显著下降,蛋白质-量显著上升,脂肪和能量含量没有显著变化。结果表明,虽然丰鲤和奥尼罗非鱼均为杂食性鱼类,但二者的饲料利用特点不同,丰鲤的生长、饲料利用效率和生化组成受饲料质量的影响更大,该种鱼对饲料质量的变化更为敏感。In order to investigate the difference was utilization of diets with different qualities was hybrid carp(Cyprinus carpio var.Xingguo♀×Cyprinus carpio var.mirror splittered♂)and hybrid tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus♀×O.aureus♂),a 53 dgrowth trial was conducted and low quality diet(LQ diet)and high quality diet(HQ diet)were tested.LQ diet contained 34.25% dietary protein was mainly from soybean meal,while HQ diet contained 45.44% dietary protein was mainly from fish meal.The results showed that the hybrid carp had significant higher weight gain and special growth rate of protein and energy when the HQ diet was more than that of LQ diet,while these indexes for hybrid tilapia were not affected by the diet quality.For hybrid carp,feed intake was not affected by the diet quality,while feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate increased significantly when HQ diet was fed.For hybrid tilapia,feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were not affected by the diet quality while protein efficiency rate decreased significantly when HQ diet was fed.For hybrid carp,body water content increased and body lipid and energy contents decrease significantly when HQ diet was fed while body protein content was not affected by the diet quality.For hybrid tilapia,body water content decreased and body protein content increased significantly when HQ diet was fed while body lipid and energy contents were not affected by the diet quality.The results indicated that compared to hybrid tilapia,hybrid carp was highly affected was growth,food utilization and body chemical composition by diet quality,and hybrid carp was more sensitive to the changes of diet quality.

关 键 词：丰鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Xingguo♀×Cyprinus carpio var.mirror splittcrcd♂) 奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloicus♀× O.aureus♂) 质量 生长 饲料利用 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖] S965.125[农业科学—水产科学]