采用蚕豆根尖微核试验检测自来水厂水体的遗传毒性  

Use of the Vicia faba root tip micronucleus test to monitor the genotoxicity of tap water

作　　者：王超[1] 阮鸿洁[1] 豆捷雄 段链[1] 张宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《癌变．畸变．突变》2016年第6期481-483,490,共4页Carcinogenesis,Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis

基　　金：国家卫生计生委卫生公益性行业科研专项(201302004)

摘　　要：目的:利用蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验对北方3个城市自来水厂水样进行致突变性检测。方法:分别采集A、B、C 3个城市自来水厂的水源水、出厂水及末梢水,以采集的水样直接处理蚕豆根尖,测定各采样点水样的蚕豆根尖细胞微核千分率以及污染指数,并进行统计分析。结果:A市4个水厂水样中,3厂出厂水诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞微核千分率显著高于阴性对照组,且呈中度污染,其余水样所致微核千分率与阴性对照组相比差异均无统计学意义,属于基本无污染。B市出厂水诱导的蚕豆根尖细胞微核千分率显著高于阴性对照组,属于轻度污染。其余水样所致微核千分率与阴性对照组相比差异均无统计学意义,但末梢水属于轻度污染,水源水为基本无污染。C市3个水样所致蚕豆根尖细胞微核千分率与阴性对照组相比差异均无统计学意义,但均属于轻度污染,污染程度比较为:出厂水>末梢水>水源水。结论:根据A、B、C 3个城市自来水厂水样对蚕豆根尖微核千分率的影响,并据污染指数判断,认为出厂水潜在致突变性最强。其中,A市的整体水质要优于B市和C市。OBJECTIVE：The micronucleus test with Viciafaba root tip cells was used to study the genotoxicity of tap water from three northern cities.METHODS：12 samples：including the source water,chlorinated water and supply tap water,were collected from six waterworks in the northern cities of A,B,C.The samples were used to treat Viciafaba root tip cells directly.Micronuclei frequencies and pollution index（PI） were determined and statistics analyses were performed to evaluate differences in micronuclei rates among different samples.RESULTS：Among the 3 waterworks in city A,the chlorinated water in waterwork # 3 induced higher micronuclei rates than the negative control,and the PI was moderate.Other water samples from city A did not induce micronuclei.In city B,the chlorinated water induced higher micronuclei rate than the negative control,and the PI was slight.The other water samples did not induce micronuclei.However,the PI for the supply tap water was slight.In city C,the micronuclei rates induced by all 3 water samples were not different from that of the negative control.However,the PI for all samples were slight and the order of the PI levels was：chlorinated water〉supply tap watersource water.CONCLUSION：Based on the evaluation using micronuclei rates and PI,the mutagenic potential of chlorinated water was the strongest.In addition,the water quality of city A was better than that in cities B and C.

关 键 词：蚕豆根尖细胞 微核千分率 自来水厂水样 水质评价 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]