纳米材料诱导肺部疾病及其机制研究进展  

Research advances in pulmonary diseases induced by nanomaterials and their mechanism

作　　者：孙小怡 李艳博[1] 郭彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,100069

出　　处：《天津医药》2016年第11期1400-1405,共6页Tianjin Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81202242;81573176);北京市自然科学基金资助课题(7162022);北京市教育委员会科技发展计划面上项目(KM201510025005)

摘　　要：随着纳米科技的飞速发展,纳米材料凭借其独特的理化性能在材料、工业、环保、军事、医药等多个领域扮演着重要的角色。纳米材料的生产和使用,使其不可避免地进入生态系统,人们可通过环境暴露、职业暴露和医源性暴露接触到纳米材料。呼吸系统是纳米材料进入人体的最主要途径。大量研究证实,吸入的纳米材料主要通过氧化应激、炎症反应和离子紊乱等毒性机制对肺造成损伤,诱导肉芽肿病变、肺纤维化、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病,甚至肺癌等肺部疾病的发生。本文对纳米材料暴露与肺部疾病的关系及其肺毒性作用机制进行简要综述。With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials play an important role in many fields, such asmaterials, industry, environmental protection, military, medicine and other fields with their unique physical and chemicalproperties. The production and use of nanomaterials make them inevitablely to enter the ecological system. People can beexposed to nanomaterials through environmental, occupational and medical approaches. Respiratory system is the mostimportant way for nanoparticles to enter the human body. A number of studies have confirmed that nanomaterials can causedamage to lungs by oxidative stress, inflammation, and ion disorders, which can induce granulomatous lesions, pulmonaryfibrosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and even lung cancer. The relationship between nanomaterialexposure and pulmonary diseases, and also the related mechanism in pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials have beenreviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：纳米结构 环境暴露 毒性试验 肺疾病 纳米材料 肺毒性 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]