安徽沿江地区机插单季稻高产高效肥料运筹研究  

Research on High Yield and High Efficient Fertilizer Management on Machine Transplant-ing Single Cropping Rice along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province

作　　者：钱晓华[1] 胡仁健 常江[3] 单梦超 胡荣根[1] 孙义祥[4] 刘枫[4] 周学军 

机构地区：[1]安徽省土壤肥料总站,合肥230001 [2]安徽省池州市贵池区土肥站,安徽池州247100 [3]安徽农业大学,合肥230036 [4]安徽省农科院土肥所,合肥230031 [5]安徽省太湖县土肥站,安徽太湖246400

出　　处：《中国稻米》2016年第6期71-75,共5页China Rice

摘　　要：根据机插水稻的生育特点,在安徽沿江地区开展了机插单季稻高产高效肥料运筹试验。结果表明,控氮减磷增钾配方施肥技术适合机插水稻,其措施主要包括:氮肥基施量应控制在108 kg/hm^2以内,氮肥基肥、分蘖肥、穗肥比例为4∶4∶2;磷肥基肥、穗肥比例为8.5∶1.5;钾肥基肥、穗肥比例为7∶3或4.6∶5.4。当目标产量为9 000~9 750kg/hm^2时,机插一季稻配方施肥推荐用量为:每hm^2施N 195~210 kg、P2O572 kg、K2O 120 kg。穗肥氮、磷、钾肥分别占其总量的20%、15%、54%时,机插稻群体和产量构成较合理,有利于高产高效。机插一季稻群体生长量大、生育期较长、耗钾量多,穗期补施钾肥是一项有效的增产措施。According to the characteristics of machine transplanting rice, the authors discussed the high yield and high efficient fertil-izer management on machine transplanting single cropping rice along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province. The results showed that the control of nitrogen and phosphorus add potassium fertilizer management is suitable for machine transplanting rice. High yield and high efficient fertilizer management include： base nitrogen fertilizer amount should be controlled within 108 kg/hm2, basal nitrogen fer- tilizer, tillering nitrogen fertilizer and panicle nitrogen fertilizer proportion is 4：4：2. The base phosphate fertilizer and panicle phosphate fertilizer ratio is 8.5：1.5. The base potassium fertilizer and panicle potassium fertilizer ratio is 7：3 or 4.6：5.4. When the target output of 9 000-9 750 kg/hm2, the recommended amount of fertilizer are： N 195-210 kg/hm2, P205 72 kg/hm2 and K2O 120 kg/hm2. When N, P and K in panicle fertilizer accounted for 20%, 15%, 54% of the total, the population and yield components of rice are more reasonable, which is favorable for high yield and high efficient production. The machine transplanting rice has more growing amount, longer growing period and larger potassium consumption, so the application of panicle potassium fertilizer is an effective measure to increase the yield.

关 键 词：机插 水稻 高效 肥料运筹 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]