基于水污染物排放标准的排污许可总量计算方法及应用性探讨  

Study on Calculation Method and Applicability of Total Amount Discharge Permit based on Discharge Standards of Water Pollutants

作　　者：魏玉霞[1] 张明慧[1] 胡林林[1] 韩梅[1] 陈艳卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境标准研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2016年第6期629-635,共7页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家环境保护标准管理项目

摘　　要：排污许可证作为固定点源环境管理的核心制度将在我国全面实施,且任务紧迫。现行水污染物排放标准中规定了浓度、基准水量(排水量)或排放负荷等,对能否以其作为确定排污许可总量的一项依据进行了讨论。从方法的理论基础、基本算法、适用性、优缺点等几个方面进行了系统研究,并以制浆造纸工业为例进行了示例计算以及许可总量的测算比对。结果表明,基于水污染物排放标准的排放负荷及排污许可总量计算方法是一种符合我国目前实际情况、时效性高且具有科学合理性的方法,可以作为确定排污许可总量的一项参考依据。The pollutant discharge permit system,served as a core policy for the environmental management of stationary point sources,will be entirely established and implemented in China,and the task is very urgent. The existing discharge standards provide the requirements of discharge concentration,water quantity or discharge load of water pollutants. Whether the total discharge amount permit can be built up based on the discharge standards was discussed. The theory basis,primary formulae,applicability,advantage and disadvantage of the method were systematically studied,and pulp and paper industry was taken as an example to estimate the total amount discharge amount permit. It was shown that the total amount discharge amount permit based on discharge standards of water pollutants is a scientific,effective and practical method. It is very helpful for the implementation of discharge permit system,and can be used as the reference value of total discharge permit and therefore improve the environmental management efficiency and pollution control capability in China.

关 键 词：排放标准 排放负荷 总量 排污许可 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]