北京市朝阳区社区居民肺结核病健康教育干预效果分析  

Intervention effect of residents' health education on tuberculosis in Chaoyang District of Beijing City

作　　者：于建平[1] 苏宁[1] 庞星火[1] 朱瑞[1] 王薇[1] 高婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中国现代医学杂志》2016年第21期126-130,共5页China Journal of Modern Medicine

基　　金：北京市科委项目(No:D121100003012003)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区社区居民干预前后结核病防治知识、信念、行为情况,评价其干预效果,为北京市制定结核病防治策略提供科学依据。方法对朝阳区社区居民开展为期1年的结核病防治健康教育,分别开展基线和终末问卷调查,分析干预前后效果。结果基线调查社区居民肺结核防治知识总知晓率58.6%,核心信息知晓率59.4%,终末调查总知晓率和核心信息知晓率分别提高至65.4%和66.4%;干预后,认为得了肺结核病对劳动能力有影响的信念持有率由77.5%提高至83.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.00),邻居或同事得了肺结核病的态度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.00);参加肺结核宣传活动和向别人宣讲肺结核病知识2种行为开展率由干预前32.8%和34.7%提高至40.0%和38.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论干预后居民肺结核病防治知识知晓率有明显提高,但仍需抓住短板知识点进一步提升知晓率,而肺结核相关信念/态度和行为的转变有限,需要长期干预和引导。Objective To investigate the resident＇s knowledge, believes and behaviors on prevention and control of tuberculosis before and after the health education intervention in Chaoyang District of Beijing City, to evaluate the intervention effect of resident＇s health education and to provide a scientific basis for the strategies on prevention and control of tuberculosis in Beijing City. Methods One-year health education on prevention and control of tuberculosis was carried out in Cbaoyang District of Beijing City, and baseline survey and final survey were conducted to analyze the intervention effect. Results The baseline survey revealed that the general knowledge rate of prevention and control of tuberculosis was 58.6% and the key knowledge rate was 59.4%; while the final survey revealed that the general knowledge rate and the key knowledge rate increased to 65.4% and 66.4% respectively. The rate of residents holding the belief that suffering tuberculosis affects working capacity increased from 77.5% to 83.9% after the intervention and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.00）. The difference in the attitudes towards neighbors and colleagues suffering tuberculosis was also statistically significant （P 〈 0.00）. The development rate of participating in public education of tuberculosis increased from 32.8% to 40.0%, the development rate of public explanation increased from 34.7% to 38.7% and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. Conclusions From the result of surveys, it could be found that the knowledge rate of prevention and control of tuberculosis remarkably increases after residents＂ health education intervention and it is necessary to strengthen the unfamiliar knowledge education in order to further increase the knowledge rate of prevention and control of tuberculosis. And the transition of tuberculosis believes, attitudes and behaviors is limited, which demands long-term intervention and guidance.

关 键 词：社区居民 结核病 知信行 干预效果 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]