创业教育对大学生创业意向的影响研究——兼对本科生与高职生的比较  

Research on the Influence of Entrepreneurship Education on College Students' Entrepreneurial Intention:Comparing University Students with Vocational Students

作　　者：王心焕[1] 薄赋徭[2] 雷家骕[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [2]马鞍山职业技术学院,安徽马鞍山243031

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2016年第5期116-124,共9页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"基于科学的产业走向自主创新的技术赶超路径及其战略研究"(12AZD061)

摘　　要：本文基于2015年对"在校大学生创业态度和创业意向"的调查,以来自全国37所本科院校和15所高职院校的10128份问卷为样本,通过层次回归分析,研究了在校大学生创业意向的影响因素;重点分析了创业教育对创业意向的影响,以及对创业态度的调节作用;并对本科生与高职生进行了比较。研究发现,家庭环境是对大学生创业意向影响最大的环境因素;创业态度中"经济追求"和"自我实现"对大学生创业意向的影响最大;本科院校的创业教育增强了学生的创业意向,其中创业实践活动的影响最为明显,但高职院校的创业教育并不有效;创业教育一定程度调节了"创业态度对创业意向"的影响,主要增强了大学生"经济追求对创业意向"的影响。在此基础之上,本文对高校的创业教育提出了相关启示和建议。Based on 15624 questionnaires collected from 37 universities and 15 vocational colleges, the current paper presents findings drawn on the ＂Survey of 2015 college students＇ entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention＂. Through a method of hierarchical regression analysis, this study analyzes some key variables which contribute to influence college students ＇ entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, it focuses on entrepreneurship education＇s influence on students＇ entrepreneurial intention as well as its mediating effect on students＇ entrepreneurial attitude and students＇ individual differences. Findings suggest that family environment is the most significant environmental factors that influence college students＇ entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, two kinds of entrepreneurial attitude economic pursuit and self-realization are demonstrated to have the greatest influence on college students＇ entrepreneurial intention. Thirdly, university entrepreneurship education is suggested to enhance students＇ entrepreneurial intention which the teaching component of entrepreneurship practice activities is found to have the most significant impact. However, entrepreneurship education in vocational colleges does not seem to be as effective as that conducted in universities. Fourthly, to some extents en- trepreneurship education adjusts the influence of entrepreneurial attitude on entrepreneurial intention, which mainly strengthens the impact of pursuit attitude to entrepreneurial intention. Finally, this paper implicates some enlightenments and suggestions for domestic entrepreneurship education.

关 键 词：创业教育 创业意向 创业态度 大学生 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学]