粉煤灰/壳聚糖复合材料的制备及在木材染色废水中的应用  

Preparation of fly ash/ chitosan composites and its application in the wastewater of wood dyeing

作　　者：喻胜飞[1] 肖祎[1] 汪艮艮 罗武生[2] 李贤军[1] 刘元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院 [2]中南林业科技大学机电工程学院,长沙410018

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2016年第6期29-33,共5页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304509);中南林业科技大学2014年度大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目

摘　　要：以粉煤灰和壳聚糖为原料,采用微波辐射法制备粉煤灰/壳聚糖复合材料。通过单因素法和正交试验法考察了不同粉煤灰活化温度、壳聚糖和粉煤灰质量比、壳聚糖交联剂等条件下制备的复合材料对木材活性染料染色废水脱色率和CODCr去除率的影响,并用傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电镜对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,当粉煤灰活化温度为250℃,壳聚糖与粉煤灰质量比为1∶25,用香草醛作为交联剂且加入量为壳聚糖质量的30%时,制备得到的粉煤灰/壳聚糖复合材料对木材活性染料染色废水的脱色率达858%,CODCr去除率达748%。粉煤灰和壳聚糖通过氢键结合形成复合材料可吸附废水中的染料。Fly ash is a kind of excellent dyes wastewater treatment materials because of its characteristics of porous and large specific surface area. It can chemically combine with dyes through the active point such as aluminum, iron, silicon on the surface. But it exists the problems that smaller adsorption capacity and lower treatment efficiency when fly ash is directly used. Therefore, various modification of fly ash has been studied in recent years. It has not been reported fly ash modified with chitosan that is a natural macromolecular flocculant. In this paper, the fly ash/chitosan composites were prepared by microwave irradiation method and fly ash and chitosan were used as raw materials. It was investigated the effect of preparation conditions, such as the modification of fly ash, mass ratio of chitosan and fly ash, and cross-linking agent of chitosan, on the decolorization ratio and the CODcr removal ratio of the wastewater of wood dyeing with active dyes by single factor method and orthogonal experiment method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） was used to characterize the composites. The result showed that the highest decolor- ization ratio is 85.8% and the CODcr removal rate is 74. 8% under the preparation condition of 250 ℃ modification tem- perature of fly ash, 1：25 mass ratio of chitosan and fly ash, vanillin as cross-linking agent of chitosan and its addition weight amount of 30% of chitosan. The composites is bonded through hydrogen bonding with fly ash and chitosan, which adsorbs the dyes in the wastewater.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 粉煤灰 复合材料 活性染料 木材染色废水 

分 类 号：S785[农业科学—林学]