抗稻瘟病杂交稻‘广优明118’的生物学特性及产量结构分析  

Biological Characteristics and Yield Structure of Rice-blast-resistance Hybrid Rice‘Guangyouming 118'

作　　者：陈晓波[1] 饶鸣钿 许旭明 卓伟 

机构地区：[1]福建农业职业技术学院,福州350007 [2]三明市农业科学研究院,福建沙县365050

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第33期11-16,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：福建省科技重大专项"杂交水稻商业化育种技术体系建设"的子课题(2012NZ0003-2)

摘　　要：为了明确抗稻瘟病杂交稻‘广优明118’的产量、抗性鉴定、稻米品质、农艺性状等生物学特性表现,以及产量结构特征。根据‘广优明118’参加福建省、安徽省区域试验和其他试验示范结果,分析其生物学特性,进行产量及产量构成因素间相关分析,构成因素对产量的通径分析。表明,‘广优明118’高产、中抗稻瘟病,中抗稻曲病,感纹枯病,高感白叶枯病,适应性较广。产量结构分析表明,每公顷穗数对产量的贡献率为43.05%,每穗粒数为30.59%,千粒重为12.50%,结实率为10.57%。每公顷穗数和每穗粒数对每公顷总粒数的贡献率分别为34.10%和64.09%。每公顷总粒数对库容量的贡献率为86.47%,千粒重的贡献率为13.31%。库容量对稻谷产量的贡献率86.94%,结实率的贡献率为10.23%。‘广优明118’高产的关键应培育足穗大穗,增加单位面积的总粒数,扩大库容量,并注重提高结实率和千粒重。This paper aims at exploring the biological characteristic performances, such as yield, resistanceidentification, rice quality and agronomic traits, and yield structure of blast resistance hybrid rice‘Guangyouming 118＇. Based on experiment results of‘Guangyouming 118＇in Fujian and Anhui Province andother demonstration trials, the authors made a comprehensive analysis of biological characteristics andconducted correlation analysis and path analysis between yield and its components. The experiment resultsshowed that‘Guangyouming 118＇was featured by high yield, medium resistance to rice blast and false smut,being susceptible to sheath blight, being highly susceptible to bacteria blight and wide adaptability. Theanalysis of yield structure indicated that the contribution of spike number per hectare to yield amounted to43.05%, while that of grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate was 30.59%, 12.50%and 10.57%, respectively. The contribution of spike number per hectare and grain number per spike to totalgrain number per hectare was 34.10% and 64.09%, respectively. The contribution of total grain number perhectare to sink capacity was 86.47%, while that to 1000-grain weight was 13.31%; the contribution of sinkcapacity to rice yield was 86.94%, while that to seed- setting rate was 10.23%. The keys to high yield of‘Guangyouming 118＇were to cultivate full and large spikes, increase total grain numbers per unit area,enlarge sink capacity and focus on improving seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight.

关 键 词：杂交稻 '广优明118’ 产量构成 相关系数 通径系数 决定系数 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]