水分胁迫下高粱产量性状表达及复水后补偿效应的研究  

Expression of Sorghum Production Traits and Re-watering Compensation Effect Under Water Stress

作　　者：曹昌林[1] 白文斌[1] 张建华[1] 史丽娟[1] 彭之东[1] 范娜[1] 李光[1] 郭瑞峰[1] 江佰阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第33期81-88,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目"优质高粱高效生产技术研究与示范"(2014BAD07B02);山西省科技攻关项目"水地粒用高粱调亏灌溉技术研究"(20140311003-2)

摘　　要：为实现高粱的调亏灌溉,达到节水但不减产的目的,有必要先了解和掌握高粱在不同生育阶段水分胁迫下产量性状的变化情况,笔者运用二因素四水平的随机区组设计法进行了研究。结果表明：在苗期长历时轻中度及短历时重度胁迫后复水补偿效应明显,节水效率可达50.7%,同CK比较,MMD15、MMD20和MSD10处理产量分别提高4.96%、5.98%、7.18%,差异达5%的显著性,MSD20处理的产量降低1.88%;在拔节期长历时轻中度及短历时重度胁迫后复水补偿效应存在,但不太明显,水分胁迫后的负效应大于补偿效应的正效应,节水效率达37.9%,同CK比较,BMD5~BSD5处理产量依次降低5.38%、7.44%、8.78%、5.4%;差异达5%的显著性,而BSD10和BSD15处理产量降低20.9%和22.45%,达1%的差异显著性;在灌浆期轻中度的胁迫处理,节水效率可达50.0%,千粒重差异不显著,重度胁迫处理,千粒重分别降低20.0%、20.8%和24.4%,其差异达1%显著,导致产量分别降低15.2%、15.7%和16.2%,重度胁迫处理与轻中度胁迫处理相比,千粒重也有1%的显著性。In order to achieve sorghum deficit irrigation and reach the purpose of water-saving and non-dropproduction, it is necessary to understand and grasp the changes of yield traits under water stress at differentgrowth stages of sorghum. In this study, a two-factor and four-level randomized block design was conducted.The results showed that the re-watering compensation effect was obvious under long period mild and moderatewater stress and short period severe water stress in seedling stage, the water-saving efficiency reached 50.7%.Compared with that of CK, the yield of MMD15, MMD20 and MSD10 increased by 4.96%, 5.98% and 7.18%,respectively, and the difference reached the significance of 5%, the yield of MSD20 decreased by 1.88%. There- watering compensation effect was not obvious under long period of mild and moderate and short periodsevere water stress in the jointing stage, the negative effect of water stress was greater than the positive effect ofre-watering compensation, the water-saving efficiency reached 37.9%. Compared with that of CK, the yield ofBMD5 to BSD5 decreased by 5.38%, 7.44%, 8.78% and 5.4%, respectively, and the difference reached thesignificance of 5%. The yield of BSD10 and BSD15 decreased by 20.9% and 22.45%, respectively, and thedifference reached the significance of 1%. The water- saving efficiency reached 50.0% under mild andmoderate water stress in the filling stage, but the difference of thousand grain weight was not significant.Thousand grain weigh of GSD5, GSD10 and GSD15 under severe water stress decreased by 20.0%, 20.8% and24.4%, respectively, and the difference reached a significant level of 1%, which caused yield decrease of15.2%, 15.7% and 16.2%, respectively. Compared with that of mild and moderate water stress, the thousandgrain weigh under severe water stress also had the significance of 1%.sorghum; water stress; production traits; compensation effect

关 键 词：高粱 水分胁迫 产量性状 补偿效应 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]