电解液对活性炭基超级电容器低温性能的影响  

Effect of electrolytes on performance of activated carbon-based supercapacitors at low temperature

作　　者：邴雪峰 王际童[1,2] 乔文明[1,2] 龙东辉[1] 凌立成[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学特种功能高分子材料及相关技术教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《电源技术》2016年第11期2201-2205,共5页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973")项目子课题(2014CB239702)

摘　　要：分别以双环丁铵四氟硼酸盐/碳酸丙烯酯(SBPBF_4/PC)、四乙基铵四氟硼酸盐/碳酸丙烯酯(Et_4NBF_4/PC)以及双环丁铵四氟硼酸盐/碳酸丙烯酯与碳酸二甲酯混合溶剂[SBPBF_4/(PC+DMC)]为电解液,商用超级活性炭为电极材料,研究了电解液对超级电容器低温性能的影响。结果表明,SBPBF_4/PC电解液的粘度低、电导率高,且SBP+的离子直径小;在-20℃时,2 A/g的电流密度下,比电容可达22.7 F/g。碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的加入可有效降低电解液的粘度,提高电解液的电导率,当PC∶DMC=7∶3(体积比)时,电化学性能最佳,-20℃时比电容为26.7 F/g。The effect of electrolytes on the performance of supercapacitors at low temperature was investigated using commercial activated carbon as and spiro-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate/propylene carbonate （SBPBF4/PC）, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate/propylene carbonate （Et4NBF4/PC） and Spiro-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluorobo- rate/propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate mixture （SBPBF4/（PC/DMC）） as electrolyte, respectively. The cyclic voltammetry （CV）, constant current charging-discharging （CD） and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements were conducted. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of electrolytes were analyzed. The results show that the SBPBF4/PC has lower viscosity and higher conductivity; moreover, the ionic diameter of SBP＋ is smaller, leading to a better stability of SBPBF4. At-20℃, the capacitance could reach 22.7 F/g at the constant current density of 2 A/g. The addition of dimethyl carbonate could reduce the viscosity and improve the conductivity of the electrolyte. When the ratio of PC/DMC was 7：3, the supercapacitor showed the best performance with the capacitance of 26.7 Fig.

关 键 词：超级电容器 电容性能 电解液 双环丁铵四氟硼酸盐 低温 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]