运动员感恩对心理疲劳的影响——社会支持与心理坚韧性的链式中介作用  

The Effect of Athletes' Gratitude on Burnout——Chain Mediating Effects of Social Support and Mental Toughness

作　　者：叶绿[1] 王斌[1] 葛艺[1] 卜姝 王伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《体育科学》2016年第11期39-49,共11页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家体育总局重点研究领域课题(2012B081);国家体育总局科技服务项目(2015HT068);华中师范大学优秀博士学位论文培育计划项目(2015YBZD042)

摘　　要：为考察运动员感恩对心理疲劳的影响,以及社会支持和心理坚韧性在其中的中介作用,采用感恩问卷、运动领域领悟支持问卷、运动心理坚韧性问卷、运动员心理疲劳问卷对483名现役运动员进行调查。结果发现:1)运动员感恩能显著负向预测心理疲劳,提示,感恩对心理疲劳具有抑制作用。2)感恩既可以直接影响心理疲劳,也可以通过社会支持和心理坚韧性的中介作用对心理疲劳产生间接影响,具体包括2条中介路径,即通过心理坚韧性的中介路径和通过社会支持和心理坚韧性的链式中介路径。构建中介效应模型在一定程度上揭示了运动员感恩影响心理疲劳的作用机制,对于运动员心理疲劳防治工作具有一定的参考价值。未来,可以从提升运动员的感恩水平出发,帮助运动员获得更多的社会支持,增强其心理坚韧性,进而缓解心理疲劳。In order to explore the effect of athletes＇ gratitude on athlete burnout,as well as the mediating effects of social support and mental toughness,483 Chinese active athletes were recruited to complete self-report questionnaires,including Gratitude Questionnaire,Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire,Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire,Athlete Burnout Questionnaire.The results showed that 1）Gratitude could negatively predict athlete burnout.This meant that gratitude could play inhibiting effect on athlete burnout.2）Gratitude could affect athlete burnout not only through direct effect,but also through the mediating effects of social support and mental toughness.Specifically,there existed two indirect paths,namely through the mediating effect of mental toughness,through the chain mediating effects of social support and mental toughness.To some degree,the mediating effect model in this study could explain the mechanism of gratitude impacting athlete burnout,which had important reference value for the prevention and treatment of athlete burnout.In the future,we can improve athletes＇ social support and mental toughness by enhancing the level of athletes＇ gratitude.As a result,athlete burnout may be relieved.

关 键 词：运动员 感恩 社会支持 心理坚韧性 心理疲劳 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]