事故后飞行员心理健康状况动态研究  

Dynamic Research of Mental Health of Pilots Exposed to Aviation Accident

作　　者：籍元婕[1] 王真真[2] 杨璇[2] 丁嵬[2] 葛庆波[2] 

机构地区：[1]澳门城市大学,澳门999078 [2]解放军第458医院神经心理科,广州510602

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第6期1514-1518,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：全军"十一五"青年学者基金项目(06Q030)的资助

摘　　要：研究飞行事故后,事故发生单位飞行员心理健康状况在时间维度上的变化规律。采用症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist90,SCL-90)对飞行事故发生单位的78名飞行员,于事故发生后3天、15天、2月以及6月进行调查分析。飞行事故后,事故发生单位飞行员出现严重的急性心理应激反应,早期以躯体化为主,后期以焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪为主。飞行事故后,应加强心理危机干预,消除和减轻飞行员的心理应激反应。Most studies indicate that aviation accidents frequently produce traumatic stress reactions in pilots. However, few studies focus on the mental health side of the pilots exposed to an aviation accident when they served in same army. To understand the characteristics and variation of the mental health of pilots who were exposed to an aviation accident, and provide key information for the pilots＇ crisis intervention after the aviation accident, an investigation on the psychological factors was conducted in pilots who have been exposed to an aviation accident. In this study, we investigated 78 pilots who were in the same unit and who had been exposed to the aviation accident, using the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） 3 days, 15 days, 2 months and 6 months after the aviation accident. 72 pilots in the same unit who had not been involved in any aviation accident were used as the control. All the evaluations were conducted at the same time. The pilots had acute mental stress reactions after the aviation accident. At first, the main symptom of the pilots was somatization, later it was negative emotion such as anxiety and depression. The results also showed their suffering levels to be higher than those in control group and the total score, total mean score, positive items number, positive symptom score, ten factors and each factor score of SCL-90 in pilots who suffered the aviation accident were significantly higher than those in the control group 3 days and 15 days, respectively （p 〈 0.05,p 〈 0.01,p 〈 0.001） after the aviation accident. The mental health state of the pilots returned to normal after 6 months from the accident. Few of the pilots had a strong and lasting emotional reaction. The psychological health of pilots exposed to an aviation accident was not optimistic immediately after the accident. They had higher score of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation than the control group 2 months after the accident. All the factors have not Significantly changed between the pil

关 键 词：飞行事故 飞行员 心理健康 动态研究 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]