社区老年housebound现状及影响因素分析  

Status of housebound and influencing factors analysis of elder adults in community

作　　者：赵淼 高凤英 魏民[1,2] 邢凤梅 陈云 刘杰 张小丽 ZHAO Miao GAO Feng-ying WEI Min XING Feng-mei CHEN Yun LIU Jie ZHANG Xiao-li(College of Nursing and Rehabilitation, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei 063000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学护理与康复学院,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山市人民医院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第22期4099-4102,4117,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(No.13BRK005)

摘　　要：目的探讨健康行为对社区老年人Housebound的影响,为今后有针对性地改善老年人的Housebound提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,首先从邯郸市3个行政区按抽签法抽取1个行政区复兴区,然后按上述方法在复兴区65个社区中随机抽取1个社区,对社区内符合条件的1 371名老年人应用一般情况调查表、Housebound量表及健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-C)进行调查,并进行单因素及多因素的分析。结果 Housebound状态老年人211名,发生率为15.4%。Housebound老年人健康行为处于一般水平,HPLP-C总分及各维度均为老年Housebound发生的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:HPLP-C总分及运动行为是老年Housebound的保护因素,高龄、女性、患多种慢性病、使用拐杖及健康责任是老年Housebound的危险因素。结论高龄、女性、患多种慢性病、使用拐杖、健康责任及运动行为对老年Housebound有影响。社区医护人员要重点关注老年人健康行为水平,尤其是在健康责任和运动锻炼方面给予更多的帮助和指导,从而减少Housebound的发生。Objective The aim of this study was to discuss the impact of health behaviors on homebound elder adults in community, in order to provide the basis for targeted improving the homebound of elder adults in the future. Methods Firstly, stratified cluster sampling method was used to draw a Renaissance zone from three districts of Handan city by lot drawing method. Then one community from 65 was taken out randomly using the above method. A total of 1371 eligible elder adults in community were surveyed using general condition scale, housebound scale and HPLP-C scale. Additionally, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted in this study. Results The housebound status of oelder adults were 211, and the incidence rate was 15.4%. Moreover, the health behaviors of homebound elder adults was at a general level. The total score of HPLP-C and each dimension were all influencing factors of homebound elder adult in community. In addition, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Further non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of HPLP-C and exercise behavior were protective factors of homebound elder adult. However, the advanced age, being female, suffering from chronic diseases, using crutches and health responsibility were risk factors of homebound elder adult. Conclusion The advanced age, being female, suffering from chronic diseases, using crutches, health responsibility and exercise behaviors were influencing factors for the homebound elder adult. Community medical staff＇s should pay more attention to the health behaviors level of elderly people, especially provide more help and guidance in the exercise and health responsibility, in order to reduce the occurrence of housebound.

关 键 词：居家不出 老年人 健康行为 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]