基于ANSYS的电动车车架改进设计  

Improved design of electric vehicle frame based on ANSYS

作　　者：戈金培 龙海洋 琚立颖 李耀刚 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学机械工程学院,河北唐山063009

出　　处：《机电工程》2016年第11期1364-1367,共4页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50975076)

摘　　要：针对某型号电动汽车车架结构设计是否合理的问题,对车架结构刚度、强度及动态特性等方面进行了研究。首先在Workbench中利用概念建模建立了车架有限元模型,然后分析了车架在满载弯曲和紧急制动工况下的位移变形和应力分布情况;再选择Block Lanczos法研究了车架的结构模态,提取了车架在满载弯曲工况下的前六阶固有频率。针对车架位移变形大结构刚度不够和低阶固有频率偏小车架动态性能差的问题,提出了相应的改进方案:将车架后悬架的弹性元件由原来的螺旋弹簧改为钢板弹簧。最后对改进后的车架进行了校核。研究结果表明,改进后车架位移变形减小,同时结构应力降低,低阶固有频率提高,说明该改进方案合理,为车架的设计和改进提供了参考和依据。Aiming at the problem that the structure design of a certain type of electric vehicle frame whether it is reasonable,the structure rigidity,strength and dynamic characteristic of the frame were studied. Firstly,the finite element model of the frame structure was established by the Concept in the Workbench. The frame under full load bending and emergency braking of displacement and stress distribution was analyzsed. And then the structure mode of the frame was studied by using the Block Lanczos method. The first six order natural frequencies of the frame under full load bending condition were extracted. Aiming at the problem of poor dynamic performance of frame structure,the corresponding improvement scheme was put forward： the elastic component of the rear suspension of the frame is changed from the original spiral spring to the leaf spring. The improved frame was checked. And the results indicate that the displacement and deformation of the frame is reduced,the stress of the structure is reduced,and the natural frequency of the lower order is improved,which illustrates that the improved scheme is reasonable and provide reference and basis for the design and improvement of the frame.

关 键 词：ANSYS 车架 有限元 结构改进 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]