基于地理信息系统的2009-2013年甲型H1N1流感的时空分析  

Spatio-temporal analysis of influenza A(H1N1) in China during 2009-2013 based on GIS

作　　者：李美芳[1] 欧金沛[1] 黎夏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《地理研究》2016年第11期2139-2152,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41531176)

摘　　要：甲型H1N1流感作为一种人群普遍易感的急性传染病,自2009年爆发以来,不仅对人类健康造成了危害,也给全球经济造成了巨大损失。为研究中国大陆地区2009年来甲型H1N1流感疫情的时空分布特征,以中国大陆地区31个省级行政区2009-2013年甲型H1N1流感发病率的时空数据为研究对象,采用空间自相关分析技术和季节性分析方法进行了较为全面的空间和时间分析。结果表明:甲型H1N1流感的发病率在空间上和时间上都具有较强的聚集性。空间上,甲流发病高值热点有从新疆、青海和甘肃等西北部地区逐渐南移至中国东南部沿海省份的趋势,且高发聚集省份有增多的趋势;时间上,每年10月至次年4月是中国甲流的高发时段,且在此期间空间上也存在较强的聚集性。Influenza A （H1N1）, an acute infectious disease, broken out throughout the world in 2009. It has not only become a hazard to human health but also resulted in great global economic loss. At present, many scholars have carried out studies on various disciplines related to influenza A （H1N1）. However, few studies have investigated the spatio-temporal characteristics of influenza A （H1N1） based on Geographic Information System. In this study, we collected the monthly and yearly data of influenza A （H1N1） incidence in 31 provinces of China from 2009 to 2013 from the National Scientific Data Sharing Platform for Population and Health to explore the spatio-temporal distribution of influenza A （H1N1） in China. The spatial distribution of yearly incidence of influenza A （H1N1） in the five-year period was analyzed using global Moran＇s/, local Getis-Ord Gi＇, and the Moran scatterplot. Among them, global Moran＇s I was used to analyze the average spatial correlation and significance level of the whole study area. Local Getis-Ord Gi＊ and the Moran scatterplot were used to analyze the instability and heterogeneity of local regions. In addition, we used the degree of concentration, time series model, and circular distribution analysis to examine seasonal variations of influenza A （H1N1） epidemics. The results showed that influenza A （H1N1） incidence in 2009 was significantly higher than that in other years. Moreover, there were prominent correlations between both spatial and temporal dimensions of influenza A （H1N1） incidence. As for global spatial autocorrelation, the global Moran＇s I results suggested that significantly positive spatial autocorrelations were associated with the yearly incidence of influenza A （H1N1） in 2010, 2012, and 2013, as well as the monthly incidence of influenza A （H1N1） from October to April. Regarding local spatial autocorrelation, the Moran scatterplots showed that an increasing number of adjacent provinces had high incidence from 2009 to 2013. B

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感 地理信息系统 空间自相关 季节性分析 中国 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]