集群有利于提高中华倒刺鲃幼鱼的数值辨别能力  

Numerical Discrimination of Juvenile Qingbo Improved by Shoaling

作　　者：唐中华[1] 付世建[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室重庆市动物生物学重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期32-36,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31172096);重庆市自然科学基金(No.cstc2013jjB20003)

摘　　要：以集群生活的中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)幼鱼为实验对象,利用该鱼具有倾向加入较大群体的行为习性,采用自行设计的鱼类行为观测装置,通过改变仪器两端的刺激鱼群(Stimulus shoal)的数量大小,进行选择实验(Binary choice test)。实验结果发现,当以单尾目标鱼(Focal fish)为选择主体时,实验鱼对12∶6和12∶7鱼群的选择正确率在60%以上,即偏向于较大鱼群;而对12∶8,12∶9,12∶10,12∶11和12∶12鱼群的选择不再具有偏向性;当以两尾目标鱼为选择主体时,实验鱼还能对12∶8和12∶9鱼群进行正确选择。以上结果表明:中华倒刺鲃幼鱼具备数值辨别能力,单尾鱼的辨别阈值在3∶2附近(即12∶8);双尾鱼的辨别阈值可达4∶3以上,表明合作有利于提高中华倒刺鲃幼鱼的数值敏锐性,其中机制可能与"错误稀释机制"有关。Qingbo（Spinibarbus sinensis）,a cyprinid species favor group living and prefer to join the larger size of con-specific shoals in field,was selected as the experimental model.The numerical acuity of either single or pair juvenile qingbo were measured by a binary choice test and selection accuracy was evaluated by proportion of time that focus fish stayed near larger stimulus shoal versus smaller shoal.The results showed that when a single individual was used as focal fish,the accuracy rates were more than 60%（i.e.prefer to stay with larger shoal）when force to make a choice between 12∶6and 12∶7,whereas the accuracy ratio showed no significant differences from 50% when focal fish force to make a choice between 12∶8,12∶9,12∶10,12∶11and 12∶12.When pair individuals were used as focal fish,the selection accuracy rates were significantly higher than 50% when in the scenario of making a choice between both 12∶8and 12∶9.It suggests that qingbo share the ability of number processing and the digital discrimination threshold of single individual is about 3∶2（i.e.12∶8）.Furthermore,the numerical acuity can be profoundly improved to 4∶3by collective cooperation when pair individuals make a choice together,possible underpinned by the＂many wrong effect＂which has been advocated previously in mammals.

关 键 词：计数 集群 鲤科鱼类 数值辨别阈值 中华倒刺鲃 

分 类 号：Q958.118[生物学—动物学]