社区成年人呼吸系统健康状况测评量表的编制及信效度检验  

Development and Testing of Reliability and Validity of Community Adult Respiratory System Health Assessment Scale

作　　者：陶领伟 赵月佳 窦红哲[2] 陈彦红[2] 张永合[1] 肖波[3] 若从彬 李静[1] 卢文策 肖浩天 杨明[1] 张娟娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学护理学院,河北省保定市071000 [2]河北大学附属医院 [3]保定市第五医院

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2016年第33期4096-4101,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：河北省社科联民生调研课题项目(201501808);河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划项目(20150072);河北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510075063)

摘　　要：目的 编制社区成年人呼吸系统健康状况测评量表（CARSHAS）,为评估社区成年人呼吸系统健康水平提供一种简明经济、快速有效的测评工具。方法 2015年3月,以呼吸系统疾病的常见临床表现和致病因素为理论依据,通过广泛地查阅相关文献,制定初期量表,经过专家评议形成预调查量表——CARSHAS-Ⅰ。2015年4月,采用目的抽样法选取保定市120例社区成年人为预调查对象。采用CARSHAS-Ⅰ对预调查对象进行预调查,共发放问卷120份,回收有效问卷117份,有效回收率为97.5%。对回收的有效问卷进行数据分析,形成CARSHAS-Ⅱ,并增加1个总体评价条目,用于计算量表的效标效度。2015年6—11月,采用目的抽样法选取保定市、石家庄市、沧州市和赤峰市610例社区成年人为调查对象。采用CARSHAS-Ⅱ对调查对象进行调查,共发放问卷610份,回收有效问卷579份,有效回收率为94.9%。对回收的有效问卷进行探索性因子分析,从而形成CARSHAS。采用随机数字表法从大样本调查回收的有效问卷中选取450份,进行CARSHAS的验证性因子分析。利用大样本调查回收的有效问卷分析CARSHAS的信效度。结果 采用主成分分析、最大方差正交旋转法对579份有效问卷的数据进行探索性因子分析,结果显示,KMO值为0.963,Bartlett球形检验值为12 832.530（df=325,P〈0.001）,表明数据适宜进行因子分析。在未限定因子个数的条件下进行因子提取,根据碎石图和特征值〉1.000的标准,得到3个因子,分别命名为易感因素、严重的呼吸系统不良表现、轻度的呼吸系统不良表现,累积方差贡献率为67.220%。因此,最终形成了3个维度、26个条目的 CARSHAS。验证性因子分析结果显示,χ^2/df=2.252,近似误差均方根=0.053,拟合优度指数=0.909,比较拟合指数=0.967,规准适配指数=0.942,增值适配指数=0.967,非规准适配指数=0.959。CARSHAS总体内容效度指数（CVI）为0.93Objective To develop a Community Adult Respiratory System Health Assessment Scale （CARSHAS） so as to provide a simple, economic, rapid and effective assessment tool for measuring the adult respiratory system health level in the community. Methods In March 2015, we formulated an initial scale based on the common clinical manifestations and pathogenic factors of respiratory diseases and extensive consultation of the relevant literature, and developed it to be a pre - survey questionnaire CARSHAS - I based on experts＇ advices. In April 2015, CARSHAS - 1 was used to preliminarily investigate the 120 community adults in Baoding selected by the objective sampling method. A total of 120 questionnaires were sent out and 117 effective questionnaires were recovered with the effective recovery rate of 97. 5%. Based on analyzing the data of the effective questionnaires, we formed CARSHAS -Ⅱ with an added overall evaluation item for calculating the criterion validity of the scale. From June to November 2015, 610 community adults in Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Cangzhou and Chifeng were selected as the subjects by the objective sampling method. CARSHAS -Ⅱ was adopted to investigate them. Totally 610 questionnaires were passed out and 579 effective questionnaires were recovered. The effective recovery rate was 94. 9%. After exploratory factor analysis of the effective questionnaires, CARSHAS had been formed. By random number table method, 450 of the 579 effective questionnaires were selected to complete the confirmatory factor analysis of CARSHAS. The reliability and validity of CARSHAS were analyzed with the 579 effective questionnaires. Results By the principal component analysis and maximum variance orthogonal rotation, the 579 effective questionnaires were used for exploratory factor analysis, the result showed that the KMO value was 0. 963, and the Bartlett sphere test value was 12 832. 530 （df= 325, P 〈0. 001 ） . So these data could be used for factor analysis. After factor extraction under the condition of not

关 键 词：呼吸系统 健康状况 成年人 社区 量表 

分 类 号：R322.3[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]