略论朝鲜朝后期闾巷诗人洪世泰的“天机论”  

On the Late Joseon Dynasty Poet Hong Shitai's “Tian Ji Lun”

作　　者：金辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学朝鲜-韩国学学院朝鲜语系,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《延边大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期43-49,共7页Journal of Yanbian University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：洪世泰是朝鲜朝后期的闾巷诗人。闾巷阶层是朝鲜朝社会逐渐走向衰败的历史时期出现的一个较为特殊的群体。该阶层介于两班士大夫阶层和贱民阶层之间,因此也被称为"中人"。和大部分闾巷阶层一样,洪世泰自小受过良好的教育,且天资过人,其文学造诣也被士大夫阶层所认可。但由于其世代传承的中人身份,才华横溢的洪世泰一生都未能施展抱负,郁郁而终。洪世泰始终对社会身份的不平等心存质疑,尤其是在毕生从事文学创作的过程中认识到了阶级的不平等,无疑是套在闾巷阶层文人思想意识上的枷锁。由此,洪世泰批判地接受两班士大夫文学推崇的"文以载道"论中的"性情之正"的观点,提出了"性情之真"。他认为人的性情只有在未受世俗世界过度贪婪的利欲支配时才是最为圣洁的,只有在这种性情的自然而然的驱使之下文学才能回归本然的文学之貌。基于"性情之真",洪世泰进一步提出"性情平等",指出不能以出身和身份的高低,判定两班士大夫文学是高尚纯粹的,而闾巷文学是微贱鄙俗的。由此可见,洪世泰的"天机论"主张,不仅给闾巷文学提供了一个崭新的文学观和创作理念,也对固步自封的两班士大夫文学造成了一定的冲击。Hong Shitai was a poet from a middle class family in the late Joseon Dynasty. Like most children from middle class families, Hong received good education, and he was very intelligent. Although his talents were recognized by many officials, Hong could not realize his own ambitions because he was from middle class. Hong started to question the inequality caused by different classes. He insisted on that ＂integrity of nature＂ was the most important thing and only it could show the essence of literature. Therefore ＂Tian Ji Lun＂ provided a new concept of literature and creation. In addition, it caused certain effect on officials＇ literature.

关 键 词：朝鲜朝后期 洪世泰 天机论 性情 

分 类 号：I312.072[文学—其他各国文学]